NIR-transparent dark paints based on diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments for LiDAR-enabled automobiles

Yu, Sung Ho; Lim, Taeho; Baek, Kyung-Youl; Sung, Myung Mo; Kim, Young-Seok; Cho, Sangho

doi:10.1007/s13233-023-00199-6

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similarly, the 360° rotating-type LiDAR sensor was unable to recognize a black object, as shown by the black areas on the screen in Figure c. This is because black objects absorb light despite laser irradiation and no light is reflected back to the sensor . By contrast, nonblack objects are reflective and can be easily detected by sensors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because black objects absorb light despite laser irradiation and no light is reflected back to the sensor. 24 By contrast, nonblack objects are reflective and can be easily detected by sensors. Although black and dark objects are often used as special color choices for various objects, including vehicles, LiDAR sensors find it difficult to detect them because of their ability to absorb light at all wavelengths and reflect none of them.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing Novel LiDAR-Detectable Plate-Type Materials: Synthesis, Chemistry, and Practical Application for Autonomous Working Environment

Jekal,

Otgonbayar,

Noh

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Plate-type hollow black TiO 2 (HL/BT) with a high NIR reflectance was fabricated for the first time as a LiDARdetectable black material. A TiO 2 layer was formed on commercialgrade glass by using the sol−gel method to obtain a plate-type structure. The glass template was then etched with hydrofluoric acid to form a hollow structure, and blackness was further achieved through NaBH 4 reduction, which altered the oxidation state of TiO 2 to black Ti x O 2x−1 or Ti 4+ to Ti 3+ and Ti 2+ . The blackness of the HL/BT material was maintained by a novel approach that involved etching prior to reduction. The thickness of the TiO 2 layer was controlled to maximize the NIR reflectance when applied as paint. The HL/BT material with a thickness of 140 nm (HL/ BT140) showed a blackness (L*) of 13.3 and high NIR reflectance of 23.6% at a wavelength of 905 nm. This is attributed to the effective light reflection at the interface created by the TiO 2 layer and the hollow structure. Plate-type HL/BT140 provides excellent spreadability, durability, and thermal stability in practical paint applications compared with sphere-type materials due to the higher contacting area to the applied surface, making it suitable for use as a LiDAR-detectable inorganic black pigment in autonomous environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%