NIR responsive tumor vaccine in situ for photothermal ablation and chemotherapy to trigger robust antitumor immune responses

Abstract

Background Therapeutic tumor vaccine (TTV) that induces tumor-specific immunity has enormous potentials in tumor treatment, but high heterogeneity and poor immunogenicity of tumor seriously impair its clinical efficacy. Herein, a novel NIR responsive tumor vaccine in situ (HA-PDA@IQ/DOX HG) was prepared by integrating hyaluronic acid functionalized polydopamine nanoparticles (HA-PDA NPs) with immune adjuvants (Imiquimod, IQ) and doxorubicin (DOX) into thermal-sensitive hydrogel. Results HA-PDA@IQ NPs with high photothermal conversion efficiency (41.2%) and T1-relaxation efficiency were using HA as stabilizer by the one-pot oxidative polymerization. Then, HA-PDA@IQ loaded DOX via π-π stacking and mixed with thermal-sensitive hydrogel to form the HA-PDA@IQ/DOX HG. The hydrogel-confined delivery mode endowed HA-PDA@IQ/DOX NPs with multiple photothermal ablation performance once injection upon NIR irradiation due to the prolonged retention in tumor site. More importantly, this mode enabled HA-PDA@IQ/DOX NPs to promote the DC maturation, memory T cells in lymphatic node as well as cytotoxic T lymphocytes in spleen. Conclusion Taken together, the HA-PDA@IQ/DOX HG could be served as a theranostic tumor vaccine for complete photothermal ablation to trigger robust antitumor immune responses.

Contact‐Free Remote Manipulation of Hydrogel Properties Using Light‐Triggerable Nanoparticles: A Materials Science Perspective for Biomedical Applications

“…[14] In tumor therapy, tumor-specific immunityinducing NP near-infrared (NIR) irradiation delivers tumor antibodies and antigenic vaccines to stimulate local and systemic immune responses to induce the removal of cancer cells. [15,16] Light-responsive nanomaterials are not only used as drug delivery in hydrogels but also have a wide range of antimicrobial properties, and tumor cell ablation via photothermal reaction. [17,18] Light-responsive nanomaterials can be further incorporated inside hydrogels.…”

Fabrication of methylene blue-loaded ovalbumin/polypyrrole nanoparticles for enhanced phototherapy-triggered antitumour immune activation

“…Li et al constructed a polydopamine (PDA)-based core–shell nanoplatform loaded with CpG ODNs that has a remarkable synergistic treatment effect on inducing the maturation of DCs and the activation of T cells when combined with PTT [ 24 ]. Our previous studies reported a novel NIR-responsive in situ tumour vaccine (HA-PDA@IQ/DOX HG) that promoted DC maturation, memory T-cell generation in lymph nodes and cytotoxic T lymphocyte production in the spleen after photothermal ablation [ 25 ]. However, the techniques used in these studies suffer from many bottlenecks, such as complex preparation, insufficient time and inefficient immune activation.…”

Facile synthesis of near-infrared responsive on-demand oxygen releasing nanoplatform for precise MRI-guided theranostics of hypoxia-induced tumor chemoresistance and metastasis in triple negative breast cancer

“…Ensuring the O 2 transport stability and rapidity of release was the key aspect for PFCs—based O 2 carrier. It has been reported the near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal therapy (PTT) not only could kill the tumor [ 28 – 30 ], but also accelerate O 2 release from PFCs—based O 2 carrier to mitigate tumor hypoxia with remarkably synergistic effects [ 31 , 32 ]. Therefore, sealing off the oxygen in a nanosystem and release it by NIR may be a strategy for delivering O 2 to tumor.…”