NIR photoluminescence of bismuth-doped CsCdBr3 – The first ternary bromide phase with a univalent bismuth impurity center

Preparation of optical media with NIR luminescent Bi+ impurity centers by ion exchange

“…In the light of presented results, it seemed logical to assign NIR PL band at 1165 nm in both specimens to the simple Bi + impurity, substituted for Tl + . The similar NIR PL photoluminescence was observed in other halide crystals and assigned to 3 P 1 → 3 P 0 radiative transition in Bi + impurity cation (Figure , insert). This cation can be formed in Bi‐TlCl‐IE specimen by ion exchange Tl + + Bi 0 ↔ Tl 0 + Bi + at the TlCl ‐ Bi interface and subsequent Bi + migration into the bulk of the crystal.…”

“…However, the nature of multiple NIR emissive centers in Bi‐containing glasses is not clear, and it is believed, that the investigation of bismuth‐containing NIR PL centers in crystals can be more informative . The large single crystals is desirable for the characterization of its optical properties and several NIR PL bismuth‐doped halides (RbPb 2 Cl 5 , CsI, CsCdCl 3 , CsCdBr 3 , TlCdCl 3 , TlCl) were prepared in the form of the relatively large single crystals. It was assumed, that bismuth monocation Bi + is the main NIR PL emitter in these halides, although in the case of TlCl the more complicated emissive center was postulated .…”

“…The large single crystals is desirable for the characterization of its optical properties and several NIR PL bismuth‐doped halides (RbPb 2 Cl 5 , CsI, CsCdCl 3 , CsCdBr 3 , TlCdCl 3 , TlCl) were prepared in the form of the relatively large single crystals. It was assumed, that bismuth monocation Bi + is the main NIR PL emitter in these halides, although in the case of TlCl the more complicated emissive center was postulated . Also, the additional bismuth‐containing impurity center (or centers) with absorption bands at 530, 450, 720, and 1000 nm was reported in Bi‐doped TlCl, grown by Bridgman method .…”

“…In the case of CsCdCl 3 and CsCdBr 3 , the nonstoichiometric batch composition with an excess of Lewis acidic components (CdCl 2 , CdBr 2 ) were used in Bridgman crystal growth procedure to increase the concentration of Bi + in the melt, but this nonstoichiometry also hampered the quality of the crystals.…”

A Soft Chemistry‐Based Route to Near‐Infrared Luminescent Bismuth‐Activated Glass Films

“…1 These materials have received extensive attention as a result of their peculiar characteristics including ultrabroad and long-lived photoluminescence (PL) covering the telecommunication and optimal biological optical windows, high emission quantum efficiency, and host-dependent spectral line shape. 1 Up to date, NIR PL has been observed in diverse classes of bismuth-activated materials such as glasses, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] conventional crystals, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] molecular crystals, [27][28][29][30] ionic liquids, 31 and amorphous nanoparticles. 32 The use of these materials as optical gain media or biomarkers has been witnessed by functional demonstrations for optical fiber amplifiers, fiber lasers, and bioimaging.…”