NIR Phosphorescent Intramolecularly Bridged Benzoporphyrins and Their Application in Oxygen-Compensated Glucose Optode

Zach, Peter; Hofmann, Oliver; Klimant, Ingo; Borisov, Sergey M.

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04760

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Finally, particles were subjected to successive centrifugation cycles after mixing with 2% w/w solutions of PSS or PAH to form layers of alternating charge, as reported previously [30]. The process of depositing one bilayer was repeated 25 times to obtain a ~100 nm-thick [31] film for diffusion control of analyte in the microparticles. Size distribution of alginate microparticles was determined using Cellometer.…”

Section: Preparation Of Alginate Microspheres Containing Oxidase Enzy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

NIR Luminescent Oxygen-Sensing Nanoparticles for Continuous Glucose and Lactate Monitoring

et al. 2023

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A highly sensitive, biocompatible, and scalable phosphorescent oxygen sensor formulation is designed and evaluated for use in continuous metabolite sensors for biological systems. Ethyl cellulose (EC) and polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with Pluronic F68 (PF 68), Polydimethylsiloxane-b-polyethyleneglycol methyl ether (PDMS-PEG), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), and cetyltimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were prepared and studied. The resulting NPs with eight different surfactant–polymer matrix combinations were evaluated for physical properties, oxygen sensitivity, effect of changes in dispersion matrix, and cytotoxicity. The EC NPs exhibited a narrower size distribution and 40% higher sensitivity than PS, with Stern–Volmer constants (Ksv) 0.041–0.052 µM−1 for EC, compared to 0.029–0.034 µM−1 for PS. Notably, ethyl cellulose NPs protected with PF68 were selected as the preferred formulation, as they were not cytotoxic towards 3T3 fibroblasts and exhibited a wide phosphorescence lifetime response of >211.1 µs over 258–0 µM and ~100 µs over 2.58–0 µM oxygen, with a limit of detection (LoD) of oxygen in aqueous phase of 0.0016 µM. The EC-PF68 NPs were then efficiently encapsulated in alginate microparticles along with glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) to form phosphorescent nanoparticles-in-microparticle (NIMs) glucose sensing microdomains. The fabricated glucose sensors showed a sensitivity of 0.40 µs dL mg−1 with a dynamic phosphorescence lifetime range of 46.6–197.1 µs over 0–150 mg dL−1 glucose, with a glucose LoD of 18.3 mg dL−1 and maximum distinguishable concentration of 111.1 mg dL−1. Similarly, lactate sensors were prepared with NIMs microdomains containing lactate oxidase (LOx) and found to have a detection range of 0–14 mg dL−1 with LoD of 1.8 mg dL−1 and maximum concentration of 13.7 mg dL−1 with lactate sensitivity of 10.7 µs dL mg−1. Owing to its versatility, the proposed NIMs-based design can be extended to a wide range of metabolites and different oxygen-sensing dyes with different excitation wavelengths based on specific application.

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Section: Preparation Of Alginate Microspheres Containing Oxidase Enzy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

NIR Luminescent Oxygen-Sensing Nanoparticles for Continuous Glucose and Lactate Monitoring

et al. 2023

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“…36,37 In a significant contribution, a multilayer biosensor composed of a pair of NIR phosphorescent metalloporphyrin indicators for measuring glucose and oxygen in the subcutaneous layer was developed. 38 The multilayer biosensor was made up of four layers: a diffusion barrier, a first oxygen-sensing layer combined with an enzyme layer, a second oxygen-sensing layer, and an analyteimpermeable transparent support, as shown in Figure 4. The effective separation of both emission signals required the use of a conventional Pt(II) tetrabenzoporphyrin dye, with absorption and emission maxima at 617 and 772 nm, respectively, and a new intramolecularly bridged Pt(II) complex, with absorption and emission maxima at 673 and 872 nm, respectively, in the second layer.…”

Section: ■ Peripherally Functionalized Porphyrinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Peripherally Functionalized Porphyrinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic–Inorganic Porphyrinoid Frameworks for Biomolecule Sensing

et al. 2023

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Porphyrinoids and their analogous compounds play an important role in biosensing applications on account of their unique and versatile catalytic, coordination, photophysical, and electrochemical properties. Their remarkable arrays of properties can be finely tuned by synthetically modifying the porphyrinoid ring and varying the various structural parameters such as peripheral functionalization, metal coordination, and covalent or physical conjugation with other organic or inorganic scaffolds such as nanoparticles, metal–organic frameworks, and polymers. Porphyrinoids and their organic–inorganic conjugates are not only used as responsive materials but also utilized for the immobilization and embedding of biomolecules for applications in wearable devices, fast sensing devices, and other functional materials. The present review delineates the impact of different porphyrinoid conjugates on their physicochemical properties and their specificity as biosensors in a range of applications. The newest porphyrinoid types and their synthesis, modification, and functionalization are presented along with their advantages and performance improvements.

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“…The obtained signal of the sensor corresponding to the glucose levels is the difference between the oxygen levels (Δ p O 2 ) measured by two oxygen sensors. 18 Importantly, optical detection of glucose in whole blood is still challenging, and conventional UV–vis fluorescence complexes are not suitable for subcutaneous measurement. However, phosphorescent complexes in the NIR optical window can overcome this limitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The glucose optode is composed of a first complex layer, GO x , a diffusion barrier, and a second complex layer, giving rise to the difference in the composition of oxygen gas values ( p O 2 ). The obtained signal of the sensor corresponding to the glucose levels is the difference between the oxygen levels (Δ p O 2 ) measured by two oxygen sensors . Importantly, optical detection of glucose in whole blood is still challenging, and conventional UV–vis fluorescence complexes are not suitable for subcutaneous measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose Sensing in Human Whole Blood Based on Near-Infrared Phosphors and Outlier Treatment with the Programming Language “R”

et al. 2021

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A near-infrared paper-based analytical device ( NIR-PAD ) for glucose detection in whole blood was based on iridium(III) metal complexes embedded in a three-dimensional (3D) enzyme gel. These complexes emit NIR luminescence, can avoid interference from the color of blood, and increase the sensitivity of sensing glucose. The glucose reaction behaviors of another two different iridium(III) and platinum(II) complexes were also tested. When the glucose solution was added to the device, the oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase caused oxygen consumption and increased the intensity of the phosphorescence emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that data have been treated with the programming language “R”, which uses Tukey’s test to identify the outliers in the data and calculate a median for establishing a calibration curve, in order to improve the accuracy of NIR-PADs for sensing glucose. Compared with other published devices, NIR-PADs exhibit a wider linear range (1–30 mM, [relative emission intensity] = 0.0250[glucose] + 0.0451, and R 2 = 0.9984), a low detection limit (0.7 mM), a short response time (<2 s), and a small sample volume (2 μL). Finally, blood specimens were obtained from 19 patients enrolled in Taipei Veterans General Hospital under an approved IRB protocol (Taiwan; 2017-12-002CC). The sensors exhibited remarkable characteristics for glucose detection in comparison with other methods, including the clinical method in hospitals as well as those without blood sample pretreatment or a dilution factor. The above results confirm that NIR-PAD sensors can be put to practical use for glucose detection.

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NIR Phosphorescent Intramolecularly Bridged Benzoporphyrins and Their Application in Oxygen-Compensated Glucose Optode

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

NIR Luminescent Oxygen-Sensing Nanoparticles for Continuous Glucose and Lactate Monitoring

NIR Luminescent Oxygen-Sensing Nanoparticles for Continuous Glucose and Lactate Monitoring

Organic–Inorganic Porphyrinoid Frameworks for Biomolecule Sensing

Glucose Sensing in Human Whole Blood Based on Near-Infrared Phosphors and Outlier Treatment with the Programming Language “R”

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