Nightguard Vital Bleaching and Its Effect on Enamel Surface Morphology

Leonard, Ralph H.; Eagle, James C.; Garland, Glenn E.; Matthews, Kevin P.; Rudd, Andy L.; Phillips, Ceib

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8240.2001.tb00435.x

Cited by 54 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Also, methods of analysis are different among the studies, with protocols based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, [20][21]27,[30][31]34,36,38 microhardness tests, 9,11,14,36,38,40 profilometric techniques, 4,15,18,34,36,[38][39] plasma-atomic emission spectrometric analysis associated with chromatography, 37 infrared absorption spectroscopy correlated with x-ray analysis, 41 atomic force microscopy 10,28 and nanoindentation techniques. 5 Conversely, only a few studies have attempted to assess whitening effects in vivo, 22,26,29 usually based on the analysis of an enamel replica using SEM. These studies on enamel surface characteristics 22,26,29 are mainly based on the morphologically subjective assessments of the enamel surface, rather than on precise measurements of the enamel surface profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Conversely, only a few studies have attempted to assess whitening effects in vivo, 22,26,29 usually based on the analysis of an enamel replica using SEM. These studies on enamel surface characteristics 22,26,29 are mainly based on the morphologically subjective assessments of the enamel surface, rather than on precise measurements of the enamel surface profile. Since it has been demonstrated that in vitro alterations are more evident than in vivo alterations, 13 several studies support the hypothesis that factors, such as the remineralizing potential and the buffering ability of saliva, may counteract the adverse effects of whitening on the enamel surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Two In-office Whitening Agents on the Enamel Surface In Vivo: A Morphological and Non-contact Profilometric Study

Cadenaro¹,

Breschi²,

Nucci³

et al. 2008

Operative Dentistry

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This study evaluated the morphological effects produced in vivo by two in-office bleaching agents on enamel surface roughness using a noncontact profilometric analysis of epoxy replicas. The null hypothesis tested was that there would be no difference in the micromorphology of the enamel surface during or after bleaching with two different bleaching agents. Eighteen subjects were selected and randomly assigned to two treatment groups (n=9). The tooth whitening materials tested were 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP) (Opalescence Xtra Boost) and 35% car- Clinical RelevanceThis in vivo study supports the hypothesis that the use of in-office bleaching agents is a safe and reliable procedure, inducing no structural damage to the enamel surface, even after prolonged and repeated applications. The bleaching agents were applied in accordance with manufacturer protocols. The treatments were repeated four times at one-week intervals. High precision impressions of the upper right incisor were taken at baseline as the control (CTRL) and after each bleaching treatment (T 0 : first application, T 1 : second application at one week, T 2 : third application at two weeks and T 3 : fourth application at three weeks). Epoxy resin replicas were poured from impressions, and the surface roughness was analyzed by means of a non-contact profilometer (Talysurf CLI 1000). Epoxy replicas were then observed using SEM. All data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and differences were determined with a t-test. No significant differences in surface roughness were found on enamel replicas using either 38% hydrogen peroxide or 35% carbamide peroxide in vivo. This in vivo study supports the null hypothesis that two in-office bleaching agents, with either a high concentration of hydrogen or carbamide peroxide, do not alter enamel surface roughness, even after multiple applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two In-office Whitening Agents on the Enamel Surface In Vivo: A Morphological and Non-contact Profilometric Study

Cadenaro¹,

Breschi²,

Nucci³

et al. 2008

Operative Dentistry

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“…The effect of carbamide peroxide on enamel surface after bleaching was studied by investigators and found there is no alteration of the surface texture of enamel or slight increase in enamel porosity immediately following treatment which is reversed after 6 months as observed in follow up examination [21,22]. Lewinstein et al, observed a slight reduction in enamel surface microhardness following 35% carbamide peroxide treatment on human enamel which was completely reversed when treated with 0.05% fluoride solution [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Discoloured Nonvital Anterior tooth with Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching: Case Series

Badole

Warhadpande

Bahadure³

et al. 2013

JCDR

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“…Other studies demonstrated surface alterations in enamel with the bleaching agents, 12,13) and loss of calcium and changes in calcium/phosphate ratio after applying carbamide peroxide on enamel [12][13][14] . However, studies on the effect of bleaching gels on enamel surfaces with 10% carbamide peroxide addressed that bleaching gels caused only minimal effect on the surface morphology and enamel microhardness 4,12,[14][15][16] . Lai et al 17) reported in their study that 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching produced only slight enamel surface alterations and this etching effect was likely to be pH-dependent.…”

Section: ⅳ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of various commercially available bleaching agents on the microshear bond strength of composite resin to enamel

Chang

Cho

Kim

2004

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent

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This study evaluated the microshear bond strength of composte resin to teeth bleached with commercial whitening strips and compared with those bleached with home bleaching gel. Twelve extracted human central incisors were cut into pieces and central four segments were chosen from each tooth and embedded in acrylic resin. Four blocks with 12 tooth segments embedded in acrylic resin were acquired and numbered from group one to group four. Group 1 was bleached with Crest Whitestrips, group 2 with Claren, group 3 with Opalescence tooth whitening gel (10% carbamide peroxide). Group 4 was used as control. The bleaching procedure was conducted for 14 days according to the manufacturer' s instructions; the bleaching strips twice a day for 30 min and the bleaching gel once a day for 2 hr. After bleaching, composite resin (Filtek Supreme) was bonded to the enamel surfaces with a self-etching adhesive (Adper Prompt L-Pop) using Tygon tube. Microshear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine (EZ-test). The data were statistically analysed by one-way ANOVA. The study resulted in no statistical differences in microshear bond strength between the tooth segments bleached with 2 different whitening strips and bleaching gel. It can be concluded that the effect of bleaching with either commercial whitening strips or bleaching gel on enamel is minimal in bonding with self-etching adhesive to composite resin. [J Kor Acad Cons Dent 29(3):219-225, 2004]

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Nightguard Vital Bleaching and Its Effect on Enamel Surface Morphology

Abstract: This in vivo study demonstrated that a 14-day regimen of NGVB using a 10% carbamide peroxide solution had minimal effect on the surface morphology of enamel and that the effects did not worsen over time.

Cited by 54 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Two In-office Whitening Agents on the Enamel Surface In Vivo: A Morphological and Non-contact Profilometric Study

Effect of Two In-office Whitening Agents on the Enamel Surface In Vivo: A Morphological and Non-contact Profilometric Study

Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Discoloured Nonvital Anterior tooth with Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching: Case Series

The effect of various commercially available bleaching agents on the microshear bond strength of composite resin to enamel

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