Night work, mortality, and the link to occupational group and sex

Abstract

The present study of 42 731 twins showed a significant hazard ratio for "ever" exposure to night work [HR 1.07 (95% CI 1.00-1.15)] and particularly for >5 years of exposure The increased mortality was seen in both white-and blue-collar workers exposed for >5 years, and particularly in male blue-collar workers. Heredity did not influence the results significantly.

Night and shift work and incidence of cerebrovascular disease – a prospective cohort study of healthcare employees in Stockholm

“…Li et al (7) included five cohort studies [of which two were also included in the study by Vyas et al (5)] in a meta-analysis and observed a slightly increased stroke mortality. In a prospective cohort study of Swedish twins, the risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease (including stroke) was increased among night shift workers, compared to those with no night work, after adjustment for several important risk factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity at leisure time) and with higher risk estimates in night workers with a work duration of >5 years (10).…”

“…Night and shift work have also been found to be associated with poorer lifestyle behaviors and with risk factors of CeVD, such as hypertension and diabetes (17,18), which may influence the risk. In a recent study of Swedish twins, a higher prevalence of overweight and smoking was observed among individuals who had been exposed to night shift work compared to those with no history of night work, but with no obvious difference in the prevalence of alcohol consumption or leisure-time activity (10).…”

“…There is accumulating evidence that working time patterns like shift work, night work and long working hours may increase the risk of CeVD (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Therefore, efforts to develop and modify existing work schedules for those who need to work non-standard working hours are important parts for risk management.…”

“…In a meta-analysis of five cohort studies (21)(22)(23)(24)(25) a small increase in stroke mortality was reported among shift workers (7). An increased mortality in cardiovascular disease was observed among Danish nurses, who worked night shifts (8), as well as among night shift workers in a cohort of Swedish twins (10). A systematic review and meta-analysis by Torquati et al (2018) demonstrated a higher risk of cardiovascular disease events among shift workers than day workers, supported by a dose-response relationship (26).…”

Effects of Long Working Hours and Night Work on Subjective Well-Being Depending on Work Creativity and Task Variety, and Occupation: The Role of Working-Time Mismatch, Variability, Shift Work, and Autonomy

“…In 2015, 16% of European workers worked more than 48 h per week and 19% worked nights [ 1 ]. These atypical work types have negative impacts on health such as on cardiovascular disease [ 2 ], metabolic disturbance [ 3 , 4 ], mortality [ 5 , 6 ], and depression [ 7 ]. However, although the effects of long working hours (LW) and night work (NW) have been investigated, few have addressed the synergistic effect of LW and NW using national-scale data.…”