Night eating and weight change in middle-aged men and women

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between the habit of eating at night, and the 5-y preceding and 6-y subsequent weight changes in a middle-aged population, with particular focus on the obese. DESIGN: Prospective study with initial examination of the cohort in 1982-83, re-examination in 1987-88 and a third examination in 1992-93. SUBJECTS: The Danish MONICA cohort includes an age-and sex-stratified random sample of the population from the Western part of the Copenhagen County. Out of 2987 subjects participating in 1987-88, a total of 1050 women and 1061 men had been examined in 1982-83, and 1993-94 too. Subjects working night shifts were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: Night eating in 1987-88, 5-y preceding and 6-y subsequent weight change. RESULTS: In total, 9.0% women and 7.4% men reported 'getting up at night to eat'. Obese women with night eating experienced an average 6-y weight gain of 5.2 kg (P ¼ 0.004), whereas only 0.9 kg average weight gain was seen among obese women who did not get up at night to eat. No significant associations were found among all women, or between night eating and the 5-y preceding weight change for women. Night eating and weight change were not associated among men. CONCLUSION: Night eating was not associated with later weight gain, except among already obese women, suggesting that getting up at night to eat may be a contributor to further weight gain among the obese.

The validity and clinical utility of night eating syndrome

“…57 These studies have found widely varying rates of nocturnal eating (from 3.8% in a community sample 36 to 55% in a bariatric surgery sample). 55 This variability is likely due to differences in sampling, means of assessment, and sample size.…”

Nighttime eating: A descriptive study

“…This is in line with the results of longitudinal population studies. Andersen et al 27 reported that in a population sample of 2,111 men and women, getting up at night to eat was not associated with preceding (5 years) or subsequent (6 years) weight change, except among already obese women. This suggests that this behavior might contribute to further weight gain only in already obese women.…”

Preventing or Improving Obesity by Addressing Specific Eating Patterns

“…Night eating is associated with a defined psychiatric disorder, night-eating syndrome (nocturnal hyperphagia, insomnia, and morning anorexia). [25][26][27] This makes it less amenable to prevention and intervention in primary care. Snacking between meals is another behavior that has been associated with excessive weight.…”