Nigeria electricity crisis: Power generation capacity expansion and environmental ramifications

Aliyu, Abubakar Sadiq; Ramli, Ahmad Termizi; Saleh, Muneer Aziz

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2013.09.011

Cited by 141 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the country's Ministry of Power presented an available generation capacity of >6 GW in 2017 [122], which is still not adequate for the users' demand. Out of the country's population of about 180 million, only about 40% of its citizens have access to electricity and the actual electricity demand in the country is estimated at 10 GW [60,65,121,[123][124][125].…”

Section: Background On Nigeria's Energy Situation and Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

2018

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Abstract:There is a growing interest in the application of microgrids around the world because of their potential for achieving a flexible, reliable, efficient and smart electrical grid system and supplying energy to off-grid communities, including their economic benefits. Several research studies have examined the application issues of microgrids. However, a lack of in-depth considerations for the enabling planning conditions has been identified as a major reason why microgrids fail in several off-grid communities. This development requires research efforts that consider better strategies and framework for sustainable microgrids in remote communities. This paper first presents a comprehensive review of microgrid technologies and their applications. It then proposes the STEEP model to examine critically the failure factors based on the social, technical, economic, environmental and policy (STEEP) perspectives. The model details the key dimensions and actions necessary for addressing the challenge of microgrid failure in remote communities. The study uses remote communities within Nigeria, West Africa, as case studies and demonstrates the need for the STEEP approach for better understanding of microgrid planning and development. Better insights into microgrid systems are expected to address the drawbacks and improve the situation that can lead to widespread and sustainable applications in off-grid communities around the world in the future. The paper introduces the sustainable planning framework (SPF) based on the STEEP model, which can form a general basis for planning microgrids in any remote location.

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Section: Background On Nigeria's Energy Situation and Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

2018

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“…However, there are abundant potentials in solar, wind, nuclear, ocean, geothermal and fuel which have not been fully utilized [9]. Back in 1960, energy untilisation in Nigeria was predomently house hold namely fuelwood, charcoal, residues and agricultual waste.…”

Section: The Current Situation Of Conventional Energy In Nigeria and mentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of renewable energy readiness in Africa: Case study of Nigeria and Cameroon

Mas’ud

Wirba

Muhammad‐Sukki

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…Surprisingly, some parts of the world are still struggling to meet their energy needs. It may suffice to say that the regions experiencing energy issues may be having energy conversion problems rather than energy supply problems [2], [4]. It is projected that if 100% exploitation of the energy potentials of the sun can be achieved, the world would cease to have energy crises [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of them have less than 40% of their total population with access to electricity [32], [33], [3], [4]. In addition, electricity supply to this region is as unreliable as it is unavailable at most times [2], [33].…”

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confidence: 99%

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Ogbomo

Amalu

Ekere

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The global adoption and use of photovoltaic modules (PVMs) as the main source of energy is the key to realising the UN Millennium Development Goals on Green Energy. The technology -projected to contribute about 20% of world energy supply by 2050, over 60% by 2100 and leading to 50% reduction in global CO 2 emissions -is threatened by its poor performance in tropical climate. Such performance discourages its regional acceptance. The magnitude of crucial module performance influencing factors (cell temperature, wind speed and relative humidity) reach critical values of 90°C, 0.2 m/s and 85%, respectively in tropical climates which negatively impact module performance indices which include power output (PO), power conversion efficiency (PCE) and energy payback time (EPBT). This investigation reviews PVM technologies which include cell, contact and interconnection technologies. It identifies critical technology route(s) with potential to increase operational reliability of PVMs in the tropics when adopted. The cell performance is measured by PO, PCE and EPBT while contacts and interconnections performance is measured by the degree of recombination, shading losses and also the rate of thermo-mechanical degradation. It is found that the mono-crystalline cell has the best PCE of 25% while the Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) cell has the lowest EPBT of 8-months. Results show that the poly-crystalline cell has the largest market share amounting to 54%. The CdTe cell exhibits 0% drop in PCE at high-temperatures and low irradiance operations -demonstrating least affected PO by the conditions. Further results establish that back contacts and back-to-back interconnection technologies produce the least recombination losses and demonstrate absence of shading in addition to possessing longest interconnection fatigue life. Based on these findings, the authors propose a PVM comprising CdTe cell, back contacts and backto-back interconnection technologies as the technology with latent capacity to produce improved performance in tropical climates. Keywordsphotovoltaic modules; solar cell technology; contact technology; interconnection technology; energy payback time; power conversion efficiency; fatigue life. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 *Manuscript Click here to view linked References IntroductionThe annual electrical power consumption of the entire planet can be generated by the sun in just one hour [1]. Thus, solar energy is abundant in addition to being clean, sustainable and renewable [2], [3]. Surprisingly, some parts of the world are still struggling to meet their energy needs. It may suffice to say that the regions experiencing energy issues may be having energy conversion problems rather than energy supply problems [2], [4]. It is projected that if 100% exploitation of the energy potentials of the sun ca...

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Nigeria electricity crisis: Power generation capacity expansion and environmental ramifications

Cited by 141 publications

References 21 publications

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

An assessment of renewable energy readiness in Africa: Case study of Nigeria and Cameroon

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

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