Nierentätigkeit

Urinary kallikrein excretion and sodium metabolism in hypertensive patients.

“…The present data indicate that the renal kallikrein-kinin system, one of the renal anti hypertensive factors, is suppressed in essential hypertension and is under the influence of mineralocorticoid levels. -kallikrein esterolytic assay; kallikreinkinin system;various types of hypertensionThe presence of kallikrein in human urine has been known since Frey's original studies (Frey 1926). Urinary kallikrein differ distinctly from the plasma kallikrein (Webster and Pierce 1963) but they are indistinguishable from kidney kallikrein in molecular dimensions, pH optima and inhibitors behaviour (Nustad 1970).…”

“…The presence of kallikrein in human urine has been known since Frey's original studies (Frey 1926). Urinary kallikrein differ distinctly from the plasma kallikrein (Webster and Pierce 1963) but they are indistinguishable from kidney kallikrein in molecular dimensions, pH optima and inhibitors behaviour (Nustad 1970).…”

Bradykinin induced contraction of human gallbladder muscle in vitro

“…The compound responsible for the hypotensive property was isolated and shown to be a nondialysable, thennolabile substance of high molecular weight (Frey and Kraut 1928). As a result of this Werle et al (1934) extensively studied this biologically active material, and in a series of pUblications demonstrated its presence in blood, pancreas and the salivary glands (Frey et al 1932(Frey et al , 1950. They assumed that the hypotensive element in urine had originated from the pancreas and named it kallikrein (Werle 1934), from kallikreas, the Greek word for pancreas.…”

Using kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) as novel cancer biomarkers

“…he scientist Emil-Karl Frey, a scholar of the famous surgeon 'Geheimrat' Ferdinand Sauerbruch, observed in 1925 a considerable reduction in arterial blood pressure when he injected human urine into dogs, an until then unknown cardioactive and vasoactive effect which he attributed to an unspecified substance with potential biological functions (1,2). This then uncharacterized kininogenase was named kallikrein (Greek synonym for pancreas: kallikreas) by the three German scientists H. Kraut, E.-K. Frey and E. Werle, who in 1930 reported that the pancreas is a rich source of this endogenous hypotensive substance (3).…”