Children’s fever occurring is in parents’ opinion a very worrying clinical state. Its appearance is quite common in paediatric population and the knowledge about dealing with the anti-fever issues is still popularised among parents by medical staff. Aim. The thesis aims to pay attention to the present problem of not taking brave decisions by parents when it concerns their sick child. Material and methods. In this thesis, a way of diagnostics survey with a technique of polling was applied. A self-made questionnaire was used as the research tool. In the part related to the research, the aggregate scale of parents’ knowledge evaluation according to the very own structure. The group consisted of 105 people, the parents of children up to five years old. Results. The results confirm the influence of demographic factors on the treatments by the parents when it comes to their children up to five years old. The parents do not have enough knowledge about fever, understanding its parameters and ways of reducing it. At once, they do have knowledge about the risks arising from the hazard of a high fever. More than 50% of parents get information about the subject from numerous sources such as family, friends, the Internet and unprofessional media. Professional medical staff is the source of knowledge for 48,57% of people. The parents and caretakers recognise information about fever forwarded by doctors and nurses. They rate the level and the quality of that knowledge very high. Conclusion. The role of a nurse in parents’ education about fever and dealing with it when it appears is significant. Nurses are the source of information, but they forward their knowledge in different degrees, according to parents. Medical staff is co-responsible for deepening parents’ knowledge.