Nicotinic Regulation of Energy Homeostasis

Zoli, Michèle; Picciotto, Marina R.

doi:10.1093/ntr/nts159

Cited by 64 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…Other mechanisms that may contribute to weight gain after smoking cessation include the effects of nicotine on taste and brain reward systems (26,27). Nicotine modifies taste responses (28), and the bitter taste of nicotine may influence food intake through a direct action on taste receptors and taste pathways (24).…”

Section: Nicotine's Influence On Appetite Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Vaping be a New Weapon in the Battle of the Bulge?

Glover

Breier

Bauld

2016

NICTOB

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As the prevalence of tobacco smoking has been decreasing, obesity has increased.Obesity is set to overtake tobacco smoking in many developed countries as the primary preventable cause of conditions such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease. Obesity is a complex condition that is challenging public health prevention efforts. Tobacco smoking mitigates weight gain through nicotine's effect on the brain and metabolism.The prospect of gaining weight upon stopping smoking acts as an inhibitor to quitting and weight gain post-cessation is a common cause of relapse. Vaping nicotine is a new and controversial phenomenon that is highly attractive to smokers, but raises fears for health among public health and tobacco control advocates. There have been some reports among vapers that vaping is helping to mitigate weight gain after stopping smoking and or vaping is helping them to control their weight. There are several potential mechanisms by which vaping, in addition to the direct effects of nicotine, could facilitate weight control, these include taste perception, physical mouth feel and sensation and behavioural replacement. Research on the potential for vaping to support weight control may be worth pursuing given the human and economic costs of the global obesity epidemic and the failure of current obesity prevention strategies.2

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Section: Nicotine's Influence On Appetite Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Vaping be a New Weapon in the Battle of the Bulge?

Glover

Breier

Bauld

2016

NICTOB

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“…Reduced appetite and decreased food intake have been demonstrated for abuse of alcohol [67], nicotine [68], and cocaine [69]. Thereby, the appetite dysregulation appears to be a crucial contributing factor in substance abuse-induced IUGR.…”

Section: Mechanisms Linking Early-life Exposure To Substance Abuse Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Life Exposure to Substance Abuse and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood

Vaiserman

2015

Curr Diab Rep

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic non-communicable disease that is driven by insulin resistance as a result of increasing obesity and decreasing activity levels that occur with increasing age. This disease generally develops after the age of 40, but it is now increasingly diagnosed in children and young adults. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that T2D can originate during early development. It has been repeatedly found that malnutrition during the gestational period can result in intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight, which in combination with postnatal catch-up growth may subsequently lead to the development of T2D. There is ample evidence that T2D may also be programmed by maternal substance abuse (the harmful use of psychoactive substances such as illicit drugs or alcohol) during pregnancy and/or lactation. The research activity in this field is currently mainly focused on the childhood health problems following prenatal exposures to substance abuse. The delayed programming effects on adult-onset disorders, including metabolic syndrome and T2D, however, have been reported only rarely. This review provides animal and human evidence that early-life exposure to substance abuse, including alcohol, nicotine, and cocaine, may program not only childhood health outcomes but also life-long metabolic health status, including risk of T2D and related conditions.

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“…28 Nicotine has effects on hedonic properties of food intake and energy expenditure that may help explain the effects of nicotine in regulating appetite and body weight. 29 Disruptions in nicotine's role in homeostatic regulation may differentially impact overweight or obese women smokers relative to their normal weight counterparts, with most notable effects during the first week of cessation when withdrawal effects are most volatile. Concerns about weight may be amplified soon after quitting and may contribute to risk for early lapse to smoking.…”

Section: Why Might Overweight or Obese Women Smokers Be At Risk For Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Efficacy of Nicotine Replacement Among Overweight and Obese Women Smokers

Strong

David

Johnstone

et al. 2014

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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Introduction: Rates of obesity are higher among more dependent smokers and 37%-65% of smokers seeking cessation treatment are overweight or obese. Overweight or obese smokers may possess metabolic and neurobiological features that contribute to difficulty achieving cessation using front-line nicotine replacement products. Attention to factors that facilitate effective cessation treatment in this vulnerable population is needed to significantly reduce mortality risk among overweight and obese smokers. Method: This secondary analysis of 2 large trials of transdermal nicotine replacement in general medical practices evaluated the hypothesis that higher body mass index (BMI) would moderate the efficacy of the nicotine patch. We examined the potential for gender to further moderate the relationship between BMI and treatment efficacy. Results: In the placebo controlled trial (N = 1,621), 21-mg patch was no more effective than placebo for assisting biochemically verified point prevalence abstinence up to 1 year after quitting for women with higher BMI, but appeared to be effective for men at normal or high BMI (gender × BMI beta = −0.22, p = .004). We did not find differential long-term cessation outcomes among male or female smokers in the 15-mg patch trial (n = 705). However, we observed significantly higher rates of early lapse among women with higher BMI treated with nicotine patch across both trials. Conclusion: These results suggest that increased BMI may affect the efficacy of nicotine patch on reducing risk of early lapse in women. Additional research is needed to explore mechanisms of risk for decreased efficacy of this commonly used cessation aid.

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Nicotinic Regulation of Energy Homeostasis

Cited by 64 publications

References 204 publications

Could Vaping be a New Weapon in the Battle of the Bulge?

Could Vaping be a New Weapon in the Battle of the Bulge?

Early-Life Exposure to Substance Abuse and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood

Differential Efficacy of Nicotine Replacement Among Overweight and Obese Women Smokers

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