Nicotine self-administration: cigarette versus nicotine gum diurnal topography

Mooney, Marc E; Green, Charles; Hatsukami, Dorothy K.

doi:10.1002/hup.808

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Changes in smoke topography—that is, the way in which a cigarette is smoked including puff volume, puff time, dwell time and number of puffs per cigarette—all have profound effects on toxin exposure 18. Even within a single individual, cigarettes are smoked differently and yields of toxin will vary, and it is likely that there will be differential exposure among the many toxins contained in smoke 19. At present there are limited means of measuring exposure to specific smoke-derived toxins, but methodologies in this regard are advancing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of non-linear smoking effects on the identification of gene-by-smoking interactions in COPD genetics studies

Castaldi

DeMeo

Hersh

et al. 2010

Thorax

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Background The identification of gene-by-environment interactions is important to understand the genetic basis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Many COPD genetic association analyses assume a linear relationship between pack-years of smoking exposure and FEV1; however, this assumption has not been evaluated empirically in cohorts with a wide spectrum of COPD severity. Methods We examined the relationship between FEV1 and pack-years of smoking exposure in 4 large cohorts assembled for the purpose of identifying genetic associations with COPD. Using data from the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Genetic Modifiers Study, we compared the accuracy and power of two different approaches to model smoking by performing a simulation study of a genetic variant with a range of gene-by-smoking interaction effects. Results We identified nonlinear relationships between smoking and FEV1 in 4 large cohorts. We demonstrated that in most situations where the relationship between pack-years and FEV1 is nonlinear, a piecewise-linear approach to model smoking and gene-by-smoking interactions is preferable to the commonly used total pack-years approach. We applied the piecewise linear approach to a genetic association analysis of the PI*Z allele in the Norway case-control cohort and identified a potential PI*Z-by-smoking interaction (p=0.03 for FEV1 analysis, p= 0.01 for COPD susceptibility analysis). Conclusion In study samples with subjects having a wide range of COPD severity, a nonlinear relationship between pack-years of smoking and FEV1 is likely. In this setting, approaches that account for this nonlinearity can be more powerful and less-biased than the commonly-used approach of using total pack-years to model the smoking effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of non-linear smoking effects on the identification of gene-by-smoking interactions in COPD genetics studies

Castaldi

DeMeo

Hersh

et al. 2010

Thorax

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“…The most straightforward self-administration procedure is one in which participants have unlimited or "free access" to a drug (e.g., Griffiths et al, 1986;Liguori et al, 1997;Mooney et al, 2006;Richter et al, 2007;Spiga et al, 1998). These studies typically occur on an inpatient unit where participants can be carefully monitored for adverse reactions to the drug, although some studies have been conducted on an outpatient basis.…”

Section: Free Access Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of human drug self-administration procedures in the development of medications

Comer

Ashworth²,

Foltin

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

136

148

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The purpose of this review is to illustrate the utility and value of employing human self-administration procedures in medication development, including abuse liability assessments of novel medications and evaluation of potential pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders. Traditionally, human abuse liability testing has relied primarily on subjective reports describing drug action by use of questionnaires; similarly, drug interactions between putative treatment agents and the drugs of abuse have relied on these measures. Subjective reports are highly valued because they provide qualitative and quantitative information about the characteristics of central and peripheral pharmacodynamic effects as well as safety and tolerability. However, self-administration procedures directly examine the behavior of interest -that is, drug taking. The present paper 1) reviews the most commonly used human self-administration procedures, 2) discusses the concordance of subjective reports and selfadministration within the context of medications development for substance use disorders, focusing primarily on illustrative examples from development efforts with opioid and cocaine dependence, and 3) explores the utility of applying self-administration procedures to assess the abuse liability of novel compounds, including "abuse deterrent" formulations (ADFs). The review will focus on opioid and cocaine dependence because a rich database from both clinical laboratory and clinical trial research exists for these two drug classes. The data reviewed suggest that drug-induced changes in self-administration and subjective effects are not always concordant. Therefore, assessment of selfadministration in combination with subjective effects provides a more comprehensive picture that may have improved predictive validity for translating to the clinical setting.

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“…The current study aims are to: (1) assess circadian patterns of smoking for the four menstrual phases: menses (M), follicular (F), luteal (L), and late luteal (LL), and (2) investigate the rate of smoking during waking hours (i.e., 6:00 a.m. to 12 midnight) for the same four menstrual phases. Numerous research studies in the last 30 years indicate that smokers show a characteristic steep rise in smoking upon waking, reflecting efforts to restore plasma nicotine levels depleted during sleep (e.g., Mooney et al ., 2006). We hypothesized this typical circadian pattern of smoking would differ by menstrual phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian patterns of ad libitum smoking by menstrual phase

Allen

Mooney

Chakraborty

et al. 2009

Human Psychopharmacology

Self Cite

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Objective Recent research suggests nicotine metabolism may be influenced by sex hormones. Thus, we hypothesized that circadian smoking patterns would vary by menstrual phase. Methods Healthy female smokers (n = 31) between the ages of 18 and 40 with regular menstrual cycles, and not using hormones or psychotropic medications, were recruited for a randomized clinical study. Subjects recorded the time of each cigarette smoked and their menstrual phase with daily diaries prospectively for one complete menstrual cycle of ad libitum smoking. Analyses included Poisson regression to assess variations in the rate of smoking during waking hours (i.e., 6:00 a.m. and 12:00 midnight) and circadian smoking patterns by menstrual phase. Results Participants were 29.61 ± 5.44 years of age and smoked 16.93 ± 5.37 cigarettes per day. Participants had a lower rate of smoking during waking hours in the follicular phase as compared to the menses phase. There were no significant menstrual phase differences in the circadian smoking patterns. Conclusions These results offer further support for the influence of sex hormones on smoking behavior, but not on circadian patterns of smoking. Additional research is needed to study the direct relationship between nicotine metabolism, sex hormones, menstrual phase, and smoking behavior.

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Nicotine self-administration: cigarette versus nicotine gum diurnal topography

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of non-linear smoking effects on the identification of gene-by-smoking interactions in COPD genetics studies

Impact of non-linear smoking effects on the identification of gene-by-smoking interactions in COPD genetics studies

The role of human drug self-administration procedures in the development of medications

Circadian patterns of ad libitum smoking by menstrual phase

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