Nicotine patch use in pregnant smokers: smoking abstinence and delivery outcomes

Schroeder, D. R.; Ogburn, Paul L.; Hurt, R. Douglas; Croghan, Ivana T.; Ramin, Kirk D.; Offord, K. P.; Moyer, Thomas P.

doi:10.1080/713605464

Cited by 11 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Use of nicotine replacement therapy will carry some risks, and various forms of the therapy are rated C and D for use during pregnancy. However, these risks must be weighed against the proven risks of exposure to the toxic components of cigarettes that pass through the woman's body to the fetus in utero or to the infant via breast milk, and that are inhaled through secondhand smoke (Ilett et al, 2003;Schroeder et al, 2002). The agent varenicline, a recently FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation, is rated category C in pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe babies: A qualitative analysis of the determinants of postpartum smoke-free and relapse states

Ripley‐Moffitt

Goldstein

Fang

et al. 2008

Nicotine & Tobacco Res.

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This qualitative study explores smoking cessation during pregnancy and the factors that contribute to remaining smoke-free and relapsing. Ninety-four women attending prenatal clinics in central North Carolina who had quit smoking before 30 weeks gestation were enrolled in an observational study that included a face-to-face interview at 4 months postpartum. Results were analyzed for common themes in the two groups: those who remained smoke-free and those who had relapsed. Fetal health motivated pregnant women to quit smoking, while stress, socializing with smokers, cravings, and easy access to cigarettes tempted women to smoke. Women who remained smoke-free postpartum overcame temptations by continuing to acknowledge the health benefits of not smoking and having a strong internal belief system, significant social support, negative experiences with renewed exposure to cigarettes, and concrete strategies for dealing with temptations. For women who relapsed postpartum, factors having the greatest influence on relapse included easy access to cigarettes, lack of social and financial support, insufficient resources for coping with the challenges of childrearing, physical addiction, reliance on cigarettes as a primary form of stress management, and feelings of regret, shame, or low self-esteem. Recommendations for relapse prevention include assessing women who quit during pregnancy for low or high risk of relapse and offering comprehensive interventions and case management for those at higher risk to address the physical, mental, behavioral, and social contexts leading to relapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe babies: A qualitative analysis of the determinants of postpartum smoke-free and relapse states

Ripley‐Moffitt

Goldstein

Fang

et al. 2008

Nicotine & Tobacco Res.

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“…Although some obstetrician gynecologists may be concerned about the safety of using NRT to assist pregnant smokers in quitting, studies on NRT use with pregnant smokers have found no evidence that such interventions compromise fetal well-being. 30,31 Although there is research showing that NRT does not significantly increase smoking cessation rates in pregnant smokers, there is indication that it helps reduce the amount smoked, which is associated with improved birth outcomes. 32 Furthermore, the weight of evidence seems to support the use of NRT to be safer for both the mother and the fetus when other smoking cessation activities are unsuccessful.…”

Section: Smoking Cessation In Pregnancy 407mentioning

confidence: 97%

Best Practices for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: Do Obstetrician/Gynecologists Use Them in Practice?

Jordan

Dake

Price

2006

Journal of Women's Health

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“…Thirty-eight per cent of the subjects were able to remain abstinent from smoking until delivery. No safety concerns attributable to patch use were identified in this study [57].…”

Section: Transdermal Nicotinementioning

confidence: 97%

Pharmacotherapies to enhance smoking cessation during pregnancy

Oncken¹,

Kranzler

2003

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Smoking during pregnancy is a significant public health concern. Maternal smoking increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, premature delivery, sudden infant death syndrome and learning and behavioral problems in the offspring. Unfortunately, the majority of pregnant women do not quit smoking during pregnancy. Although pharmacotherapy may improve smoking cessation rates in pregnancy, very few studies exist that have studied the safety and efficacy of medications to treat pregnant smokers. This article reviews the available safety and efficacy data for the use in pregnancy of the five first-line therapies and two second-line therapies that are recommended for smoking cessation in non-pregnant smokers. Other promising nicotine replacement therapies are also reviewed. Ultimately, the choice whether to use pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation should be made jointly by the pregnant smoker and her health care provider. This article reviews factors that may be considered when prescribing pharmacotherapy to pregnant smokers (i.e. the role of behavioral counseling, identification of appropriate patients, potential advantages and disadvantages of each of the pharmacotherapies, proposed monitoring strategies, dose and duration and goals of treatment). More research regarding the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy during pregnancy is needed to define the risk/benefit profile of each medication for use in smoking cessation in pregnant women.

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Nicotine patch use in pregnant smokers: smoking abstinence and delivery outcomes

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Safe babies: A qualitative analysis of the determinants of postpartum smoke-free and relapse states

Safe babies: A qualitative analysis of the determinants of postpartum smoke-free and relapse states

Best Practices for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: Do Obstetrician/Gynecologists Use Them in Practice?

Pharmacotherapies to enhance smoking cessation during pregnancy

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