Nicotine Dependence from Different E-Cigarette Devices and Combustible Cigarettes among US Adolescent and Young Adult Users

Lin, Crystal D.; Gaiha, Shivani Mathur; Halpern‐Felsher, Bonnie

doi:10.3390/ijerph19105846

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The findings showed that nearly 9 in 10 of the adolescents had a high nicotine dependence from e-cigarettes. This finding was consistent with a study by Lin et al 29 that found high nicotine dependence among most adolescents and young adult e-cigarette users. Nearly a third of the adolescents in our data screened positive for depression and 13.1% reported moderately severe or severe depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Nicotine Dependence from Electronic Cigarettes Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

Winburn¹,

Ofei-Dodoo

2023

kjm

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Introduction. The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been increasing among adolescents in the United States population since they were first introduced to the US market in 2007. With depression as a major risk factor for suicide in adolescents, this study examined nicotine dependence from the use of e-cigarettes and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective patient chart review at a pediatric clinic in the Midwestern United States, from May 2021 to September 2021. As a standard practice, the clinic uses the adapted Penn State Nicotine Dependency Index to evaluate its patients’ nicotine dependence from the use of e-cigarettes and the PHQ-9 modified for teens to screen for depressive symptoms of its patients. Data on 69 patients were included in the study. The authors used standard descriptive statistics and an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) to analyze the data on the 69 adolescents. Results. The mean age of the adolescents was 17.6 (SD = 2.3), 46.4% (n = 32) were female, and 53.6% (n = 37) were male. More than 88% (n = 61) of the adolescents met criteria for high nicotine dependence from e-cigarette use and 30.4% (21 of 69) of them screened positive for depression. Findings of the mixed model analyses indicated that there was not a statistically significant association between nicotine dependence from e-cigarette use and depressive symptoms (aOR = 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.93-1.23; P = .0365). Conclusions. Our findings show that while a third of the adolescents screened positive for depression and the majority (88%) depended on nicotine from e-cigarettes, there was no association between the outcomes. Future larger multicenter studies are needed to better understand the association between nicotine dependence from e-cigarettes and depressive symptoms as reported in the literature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Nicotine Dependence from Electronic Cigarettes Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

Winburn¹,

Ofei-Dodoo

2023

kjm

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“…For example, among past 30-day disposable e-cigarette users, approximately one in four 13–20-year-olds, one in five 21–24-year-olds, and one in ten 25–40-year-olds reported using their disposable devices on at least 20 of the previous 30 days. These data make it clear that many recent e-cigarette users are engaging in frequent or even daily use, increasing their risk for nicotine addiction [ 25 , 26 ]. Furthermore, among all past 30-day users, AYAs under 21 were more likely to use disposable and pod/cartridge-based e-cigarettes frequently (i.e., 20 out of 30 days) or daily (i.e., 30 out of 30 days) compared to their older counterparts, highlighting young users as being particularly vulnerable to nicotine dependence and addiction [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data make it clear that many recent e-cigarette users are engaging in frequent or even daily use, increasing their risk for nicotine addiction [ 25 , 26 ]. Furthermore, among all past 30-day users, AYAs under 21 were more likely to use disposable and pod/cartridge-based e-cigarettes frequently (i.e., 20 out of 30 days) or daily (i.e., 30 out of 30 days) compared to their older counterparts, highlighting young users as being particularly vulnerable to nicotine dependence and addiction [ 26 ]. These patterns also dispel the notions that young users are primarily experimenting with occasional e-cigarette use and support further policy action to prevent frequent use, which increases the risk of nicotine addiction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents, Young Adults, and Adults Continue to Use E-Cigarette Devices and Flavors Two Years after FDA Discretionary Enforcement

McCauley

Gaiha

Lempert

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study assesses the use of e-cigarette devices and flavors using a large, cross-sectional survey of adolescents, young adults, and adults (N = 6131; ages 13–40 years old; Mage = 21.9) conducted from November to December 2021, 22 months after the FDA announced its prioritized enforcement policy against some flavored pod/cartridge-based e-cigarettes. We analyzed the patterns of use by age group: adolescents and young adults (AYAs) under 21 (minimum age of e-cigarette sales), young adults (21–24 years old), and adults (25–40 years old). The participants reported using e-cigarettes ever (44.2% < 21; 67.1% 21–24; 58.0% > 24), in the past 30 days (29.8% < 21; 52.6% 21–24; 43.3% > 24), and in the past 7 days (24.5% < 21; 43.9% 21–24; 36.5% > 24). Disposables were the most used e-cigarette device type across age groups (39.1% < 21; 36.9% 21–24; 34.5% > 24). Fruit, sweet, mint, and menthol flavors were popular across age groups; however, chi-squared tests for trends in proportions revealed age-related trends in past 30-day flavor use by device type. Findings suggest current AYA e-cigarette use may be higher than recorded by the NYTS 2021. The FDA, states, and localities should adopt more comprehensive restrictions on flavored e-cigarette products in order to reduce adolescent and young adult e-cigarette use.

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“…More than five million high school students and more than 1 million middle school students in the United States reported using a tobacco product at least once, according to a 2021 national survey [1]. Among adolescents, tobacco use in its many forms has been linked to nicotine dependence [2], psychiatric disorders [3], and early signs of pulmonary disease [4]. The successful design of tobacco prevention programs is crucial in the fight against tobacco use at a young age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying adolescents’ gaming preferences for a tobacco prevention social game: A qualitative study

et al. 2023

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Introduction Considering the dangers of adolescent tobacco use, the successful design of behavioral programs is crucial for tobacco prevention. According to preliminary research, social game interventions can improve adolescent tobacco outcomes. The current qualitative study aims to (1) uncover the gaming elements that adolescents deem important for a positive learning experience, and (2) confirm these gaming elements with adolescents who are presented with a tobacco prevention game concept that applies these elements. Methods Findings from this study are drawn from two phases. Phase 1 involved in-person focus group discussions (n = 15) and Phase 2 included three online focus groups and a paired interview with another set of adolescents (n = 15). The study was conducted under a project that aimed to design and test a social game-based tobacco prevention program for adolescents (Storm-Heroes). With open coding and thematic analysis, two research team members identified repeated topics and relevant quotes to organize them into themes. The themes evolved as new content was identified during the process. This process was repeated until thematic saturation was reached. Results Thematic analysis across Phase 1 and Phase 2 revealed four major themes: 1) Balance during gaming challenges, 2) Healthy social interaction, 3) Performance and creative freedom, and 4) Fictional world and game mechanics for tobacco prevention. Conclusion This study identified specific intervention features that best fit the needs of adolescents in the context of a social game for tobacco prevention. For future research, we will use a participatory approach to allow adolescents to take part in the design process, improve Storm-Heroes, and develop health promotional messages that can be incorporated into the program. Ultimately, a board game for tobacco prevention is expected to bring adolescents together to create lasting memories that nudge them away from tobacco use and the harm it can cause.

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Nicotine Dependence from Different E-Cigarette Devices and Combustible Cigarettes among US Adolescent and Young Adult Users

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Nicotine Dependence from Electronic Cigarettes Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

Nicotine Dependence from Electronic Cigarettes Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents

Adolescents, Young Adults, and Adults Continue to Use E-Cigarette Devices and Flavors Two Years after FDA Discretionary Enforcement

Identifying adolescents’ gaming preferences for a tobacco prevention social game: A qualitative study

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