NiCoPt/graphene-dot nanosponge as a highly stable electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolyte

Nanosponges for hydrogen evolution reaction: current trends and future perspectives

“…39 Nanoporous NiCoPt alloys wrapped in graphene dots were fabricated for HER. 31 In this study, graphene dots acted as structure-directing agents to assist the formation of these 3D nanosponges, wherein the metal alloy constituents with the outer graphene dots synergistically stimulated electrochemical catalytic performances.…”

“…Nanosponges provide a large surface area for the reaction and facilitate mass transport and electron transfer. 31 Bimetallic (e.g., Pd-Pt and Ni-Rh) and trimetallic (e.g., PtRuNi and NiCoPt) nanosponges have been used as electrocatalysts for HER, showing enhanced catalytic activity than pure NPs. 11,32,33 Researchers synthesized nanosponge-like NiMo solid solutions and Ni x Rh y nanosponges with highly efficient electrocatalytic performance for HER.…”

“…Accordingly, the developed nanosponges exhibited suitable HER catalytic performance aer optimizing the alloy composition and reducing the Pt loading, which can be considered as promising alternative catalysts for hydrogen formation. 31 Also, the presence of graphene dots acted as protective layer, thus could increase the stability of nanosponges. 31 Interestingly, trimetallic Pt 53 Ru 39 Ni 8 nanosponges were synthesized with high electrocatalytic performances for HER, offering great opportunities for catalysis, energy conversion, and storage.…”

Stable Pt atomic clusters on carbon nanotubes grafted with carbon quantum dots as electrocatalyst for H2 evolution in acidic electrolyte

“…[33] The reasonable explanation is that the grafting of CQDs onto MWCNT not only increase the surface coordinative oxygen groups for dispersing Pt into atomic clusters but also improve the surface H + concentration because of the oxygen-containing groups and therefore lead to lower overpotential and smaller Tafel slope for the reaction. Furthermore, to make Ru@CQDs480 10 47 [32] RuNi/CQDs-600 13 40 [33] Pt atomic clusters loaded on N-doped graphene/graphitic-C3N4 35 27 [37] NiCoPt/Graphene-dot 45.5 33.9 [38] Pt-FeNi@C, P 53 35.9 [39] N-doped RuP/N,P doped carbon 20.5 31 [40] a comparison to other catalysts for HER, we summarized the literatures about Pt or other metal catalysts in Table 3.…”

Metallic nanosponges for energy storage and conversion applications

“…30,31 Nanosponge materials have an unusual porous structure that resembles metallic foam or sponges as the majority of volume (about 75-95%) is void. 32,33 As a result, the low density nanosponge greatly enhances the electrode-electrolyte interaction compared to bulk high density nanostructures. This is mainly attributed to the large specic area and rapid mass transportation due to the creation of sponge-like structures.…”