Nickel sulfide deposits in Australia: Characteristics, resources, and potential

Hoatson, Dean M.; Jaireth, Subhash; Jaques, A. L.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.05.002

Cited by 96 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…This belt represents the greatest outpouring of komatiite magma and some of the hottest melts preserved on Earth Barnes 2006b;. In accordance with these features, the belt hosts two world-class nickel sulphide camps (Hoatson et al 2006): (1) the Agnew-Wiluna belt in the northern Kalgoorlie Terrane, hosting numerous deposits such as Mt Keith, Cliffs, Perseverance, Honeymoon Well and Cosmos (Barnes 2006a;Fiorentini et al 2010Fiorentini et al , 2012; and (2) the Kambalda camp in the south Kalgoorlie Terrane (Gresham & Loftus-Hills 1981;Beresford et al 2002) containing many relatively small, high-grade (c. 30 -10% Ni) deposits, such as Long, Victor and Lunnon (Gresham & Loftus-Hills 1981).…”

Section: Mineral Systems In the Yilgarn Cratonmentioning

confidence: 79%

Crustal evolution, intra-cratonic architecture and the metallogeny of an Archaean craton

Mole

Fiorentini

Cassidy

et al. 2013

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The generation of the Earth's continental crust modified the composition of the mantle and provided a stable, buoyant reservoir capable of capturing mantle material and ultimately preserving ore deposits. Within the continental crust, lithospheric architecture and associated cratonic margins are a first-order control on camp-scale mineralization. Here we show that the evolving crustal architecture of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, played a key role in controlling the localization of camp-scale gold, iron and nickel mineralized systems. The age and source characteristics of Archaean lithosphere are heterogeneous in both space and time and are recorded by the varying Nd isotopic signature of crustal rocks. Spatial and temporal variations in isotopic character document the evolution of an intra-cratonic architecture through time, and in doing so map transient lithospheric discontinuities where gold, nickel and iron mineral systems were concentrated. Komatiite-hosted nickel deposits cluster into camps localized within young, juvenile crust at the isotopic margin with older lithosphere; orogenic gold systems are typically localized along major structures within juvenile crust; and banded iron formation (BIF)-hosted iron deposits are localized at the edge of, and within, older lithospheric blocks. Furthermore, this work shows that crustal evolution plays an important role in the development and localization of favourable sources of nickel, gold and iron by controlling the occurrence of thick BIFs, ultramafic lavas and fertile (juvenile) crust, respectively. Fundamentally, this study demonstrates that the lithospheric architecture of a craton can be effectively imaged by isotopic techniques and used to identify regions prospective for camp-scale mineralization.

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Section: Mineral Systems In the Yilgarn Cratonmentioning

confidence: 79%

Crustal evolution, intra-cratonic architecture and the metallogeny of an Archaean craton

Mole

Fiorentini

Cassidy

et al. 2013

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“…In other geological applications, Jones et al (2005) and Gazley et al (2011) used the sensitivity of pXRF to variations of trace element chemistry to recognise volcanic stratigraphy patterns. The availability of such information on the field has valuable applications for mapping and mineral exploration (Hoatson et al, 2006;Partington, 2010).…”

Section: Detailed Investigations Of Heterogeneous Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of pXRF (field portable X-ray fluorescence) applications for applied geochemistry

Lemière

2018

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

152

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In the last thirty years, portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) has grown from prototypes to being a key technique for field geochemical analyses, especially for mining and environmental applications. This technology provides real-time or near real-time decision support for operational field decisions (exploration, mining, site remediation or waste management), provides a cost-saving alternative to classical laboratory analysis programs, and deals efficiently with remote or harsh field conditions. The ability to rapidly collect a large number of samples and replicate analyses facilitates acquisition of higher data density compatible with geostatistics.pXRF can be used profitably for sample screening and selection tasks, dynamic sampling plans based on field observations and measurements, grid mapping of a site and determining relative element abundance. In waste management and remediation, pXRF is used to identify unknown waste composition, and verify waste loads before disposal or treatment.In all applications, having robust QA/QC plans and systematic laboratory controls on selected samples are essential for ensuring reliable measurements. The best overall results are usually achieved through a clever combination of field (pXRF) and lab data, with pXRF providing the bulk of the data at low cost, on larger data sets and potentially with better reliability than lab-based campaigns based on a limited number of samples.

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“…The Yilgarn Craton contains world-class nickel deposits (Hoatson et al 2006) that are associated with major komatiite-hosted nickelmetallogenic events at ca 2.9 and 2.7 Ga (Barnes 2006a, b; and references therein). A major mafic magmatic event occurred at ca 2.8 Ga (Kositcin et al 2008;Ivanic et al 2010;Riganti et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochronological constraints on nickel metallogeny in the Lake Johnston belt, Southern Cross Domain

Romano

Thébaud

Mole

et al. 2013

Australian Journal of Earth Sciences

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Nickel sulfide deposits in Australia: Characteristics, resources, and potential

Cited by 96 publications

References 90 publications

Crustal evolution, intra-cratonic architecture and the metallogeny of an Archaean craton

Crustal evolution, intra-cratonic architecture and the metallogeny of an Archaean craton

A review of pXRF (field portable X-ray fluorescence) applications for applied geochemistry

Geochronological constraints on nickel metallogeny in the Lake Johnston belt, Southern Cross Domain

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