Nickel Nanoparticle-Modified Electrode for the Electrochemical Sensory Detection of Penicillin G in Bovine Milk Samples

Abstract

The monitoring of chemical and antibiotic residues like amoxicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin in the food originating from the animal and plant sources can prevent the humans from getting exposed to the antibiotic-induced allergic reactions and also decreased immunity towards the microbial population. By taking into consideration the necessity of developing effective and sensitive techniques for milk containing Penicillin G antibiotics in an easy and cost-effective mode, the present work deals with the electrochemical sensor made up of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs). In order to enhance the chemical stability and biocompatibility, the NiNPs were crosslinked with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and the formed composite was thoroughly characterized using the physical characterization techniques. In addition, the qualitative analysis results confirmed the nanocomposite’s synergetic effect towards the oxidation of Penicillin G. Further, the quantitative analysis towards the use of a nanocomposite electrode due to the changes in pH, scan rate, accumulation time and potential, nanoparticle (NP) amount, etc. was optimized. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of Penicillin G with this composite were detected to be 0.00031 μM and 0.00100 μM, respectively. Overall, from the results, it can be indicated that the fabricated NiNP sensor can find its applications as a potential electrode material for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Penicillin G in liquid samples.

Development of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer‐Based Optical Sensor for the Sensitive Penicillin G Detection in Milk

“…Affinity supports for selective recognition of PENÀ G are of great importance in the field of biotechnology. MAPA which is bound to PENÀ G molecule with its numerous binding sites introduced by phenylalanine part provides higher sensitivity with lower detection limit to the PENÀ G imprinted MIP-AuNPs nanosensor compared to the other electrochemical sensors [15,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,28] have also been reported in the literature. Despite several relevant electrochemical sensors are having better [22,26] limit of detection values, MIP-AuNPs nanosensor showed lower detection limit values when compared to the optic-based sensors (Table 4).…”

“…Then, the Pen X was immobilized on the carrier material by covalent binding to detect PEN-G. [23] Nickel Nanoparticle-modified electrode was prepared for the electrochemical detection of PENÀ G in bovine milk samples by Salihu et al. [24] Li prepared multisegment nanowire/nanoparticle hybrid arrays as electrochemical biosensors and they are used for the detection of penicillin. [25] An impedimetric aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of Penicillin G based on the use of reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles was prepared by Mohammad et al.…”

“…[11][12][13] Sensors are analytical devices that have a combination of simple and convenient converter receptors containing biological recognition elements. [14] In the last years, electrochemical [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and optical sensors based on fluorometric and colorimetric measurements [30][31][32][33] have been used for the estimation of penicillin antibiotics due to their high reactivity and selectivity. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an optical technique based on the intensity of reflected light in a prism covered with a thin metal film.…”

Penicillin biosensor based on rhombus‐shaped porous carbon/hematoxylin/penicillinase

“…MIPs AMP 1-500 nM 1.89 nM (Jamieson et al, 2019) Pen X/Co @ C-PMB-GCE Pen G 0.27-2.7 and 2.7-27 nM 1.7 nM (Xiu et al, 2019) Pen X -NiNPs -SPCE Pen G 0.01-0.5 M 3.1×10 5 nM (Salihu et al, 2019) anti…”

“…In this study, an Al‐based MOF was used as a precursor to prepare porous carbon. This method has a lower production cost, and the porous carbon material prepared has a new rhombus structure (Jiang et al., 2019), a larger specific surface area, higher thermal stability, and better electrochemical performance than other carbon materials (Salihu et al., 2019).…”