Nickel-modified polymeric carbon nitride for improving TiO2-based photoanode: photoelectrocatalytical evaluation and mechanistical insights

Blaskievicz, Sirlon F.; Santos, Hugo Leandro Sousa dos; Teixeira, Ivo F.; Bott‐Neto, José L.; Fernández, Pablo S.; Mascaro, Lúcia H.

doi:10.1016/j.mtnano.2022.100192

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The E FB value for the pristine Nb 2 O 5 was −0.42 V vs Ag/AgCl (black line), which showed a small shift (−0.47 V vs Ag/AgCl) after being combined with PHI (red line). A band bending resulting from the CB of PHI being more negative [27] . Based on that, and in the band gap values, Figure 4B presents the position of both VB and CB for the Nb 2 O 5 Nt and the Nb 2 O 5 Nt/PHI heterojunction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

et al. 2023

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There is a crescent need to improve well‐known processes to environmentally friendly options, and NH3 production is not an exception. Herein, we describe the photoelectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction under a carbon nitride, the poly(heptazine imide) (PHI) using mild conditions for NH3 synthesis. For this purpose, PHI was combined with Nb2O5 nanotubes, leading to a new photocathode with a charge transfer process in a Z‐scheme structure. The photoelectrocatalytic N2 reduction was carried out in Nb2O5Nt/PHI using solar‐simulated radiation and with an applied bias of −0.3 VAg/AgCl. The PHI presence in the photocathode showed not only superior stability compared to bare Nb2O5, but also an ammonia generation rate of 0.156 mmol L−1 h−1 cm−2, which is about 10‐fold higher than the amount obtained with niobium oxide alone. The mild and green conditions employed for ammonia generation place the obtained photocathode as a promising option for the currently used Haber‐Bosch process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

et al. 2023

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“…The suspensions were sonicated for 1 h and centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 5 min, washed with about 5 mL of deionized water, and centrifuged again twice. Finally, they were dried in vacuum at 60 °C overnight. ,, …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, they were dried in vacuum at 60 °C overnight. 19,23,39 Characterization. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns were recorded on Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer equipped with a scintillation counter detector with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.15418 nm) applying a 2θ step size of 0.05°and a counting time of 3 s per step.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Sodium Poly(heptazine Imides) (Na-phis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Poly(Heptazine Imides): Minimizing H₂O₂ Decomposition to Maximize Oxygen Reduction

Rogolino

Silva

Tarakina

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Photocatalysis provides a sustainable pathway to produce the consumer chemical H2O2 from atmospheric O2 via an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Such an alternative is attractive to replace the cumbersome traditional anthraquinone method for H2O2 synthesis on a large scale. Carbon nitrides have shown very interesting results as heterogeneous photocatalysts in ORR because their covalent two-dimensional (2D) structure is believed to increase selectivity toward the two-electron process. However, an efficient and scalable application of carbon nitrides for this reaction is far from being achieved. Poly(heptazine imides) (PHIs) are a more powerful subgroup of carbon nitrides whose structure provides high crystallinity and a scaffold to host transition-metal single atoms. Herein, we show that PHIs functionalized with sodium and the recently reported fully protonated PHI exhibit high activity in two-electron ORR under visible light. The latter converted O2 to up to 1556 mmol L–1 h–1 g–1 H2O2 under 410 nm irradiation using inexpensive but otherwise chemically demanding glycerin as a sacrificial electron donor. We also prove that functionalization with transition metals is not beneficial for H2O2 synthesis, as the metal also catalyzes its decomposition. Transient photoluminescence spectroscopy suggests that H-PHIs exhibit higher activity due to their longer excited-state lifetime. Overall, this work highlights the high photocatalytic activity of the rarely examined fully protonated PHI and represents a step forward in the application of inexpensive covalent materials for photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis.

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Section: Composite Films Of G−cn As Highly Valid Photoelectrodes For ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, combining with N,S co-doped TiO 2 significantly improves the PEC activity [179]. Improvement of the efficiency of TiO 2 −based photoanodes using nickel-modified polymeric carbon nitride has also been explored [180]. Quantum dot (0D) semiconductors help to widen band structures and enhance redox capability and open-circuit voltage compared with their bulk counterparts (3D) [181,182].…”

Section: Metal Oxides/g−cn Hybrid Heterostructures Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g−CN) Electrodes

Zhu

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g−CN), a promising visible-light-responsive semiconductor material, is regarded as a fascinating photocatalyst and heterogeneous catalyst for various reactions due to its non-toxicity, high thermal durability and chemical durability, and “earth-abundant” nature. However, practical applications of g−CN in photoelectrochemical (PEC) and photoelectronic devices are still in the early stages of development due to the difficulties in fabricating high-quality g−CN layers on substrates, wide band gaps, high charge-recombination rates, and low electronic conductivity. Various fabrication and modification strategies of g−CN-based films have been reported. This review summarizes the latest progress related to the growth and modification of high-quality g−CN-based films. Furthermore, (1) the classification of synthetic pathways for the preparation of g−CN films, (2) functionalization of g−CN films at an atomic level (elemental doping) and molecular level (copolymerization), (3) modification of g−CN films with a co-catalyst, and (4) composite films fabricating, will be discussed in detail. Last but not least, this review will conclude with a summary and some invigorating viewpoints on the key challenges and future developments.

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Nickel-modified polymeric carbon nitride for improving TiO2-based photoanode: photoelectrocatalytical evaluation and mechanistical insights

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Modified Poly(Heptazine Imides): Minimizing H₂O₂ Decomposition to Maximize Oxygen Reduction

Recent Progress on Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g−CN) Electrodes

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Nickel-modified polymeric carbon nitride for improving TiO2-based photoanode: photoelectrocatalytical evaluation and mechanistical insights

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH3 Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH3 Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Modified Poly(Heptazine Imides): Minimizing H2O2 Decomposition to Maximize Oxygen Reduction

Recent Progress on Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g−CN) Electrodes

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Product

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Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Direct Z‐scheme among Niobium Pentoxide and Poly(heptazine imide) for NH₃ Photoelectrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Modified Poly(Heptazine Imides): Minimizing H₂O₂ Decomposition to Maximize Oxygen Reduction