Nickel/metal hydride technology for consumer and electric vehicle batteries—a review and up-date

Dhar, S.K.; Ovshinsky, Stanford R.; Gifford, P. R.; Corrigan, Dennis A.; Fetcenko, M.A.; Venkatesan, S.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(96)02599-2

Cited by 73 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Since the Raman intensity is quite weak, it is necessary to use IR, discussed below, to observe fine details for these peaks. Further, this broad feature underlies several nitrate bands in sample α 3 (Figure 8). The internal O−H stretching modes from lattice OH and intersheet H 2 O are visible from 3590 to 3650 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy of α and β Phases of Thin Nickel Hydroxide Films Electrochemically Formed on Nickel

et al. 2012

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The present work utilizes Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to re-examine the fine structural details of Ni(OH) 2 , which is a key material in many energy-related applications. This work also unifies the large body of literature on the topic. Samples were prepared by the galvanostatic basification of nickel salts and by aging the deposits in hot KOH solutions. A simplified model is presented consisting of two fundamental phases (α and β)o fN i ( O H ) 2 and a range of possible structural disorder arising from factors such as impurities, hydration, and crystal defects. For the first time, all of the lattice modes of β-Ni(OH) 2 have been identified and assigned using factor group analysis. Ni(OH) 2 films can be rapidly identified in pure and mixed samples using Raman or IR spectroscopy by measuring their strong O−H stretching modes, which act as fingerprints. Thus, this work establishes methods to measure the phase, or phases, and disorder at a Ni(OH) 2 sample surface and to correlate desired chemical properties to their structural origins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy of α and β Phases of Thin Nickel Hydroxide Films Electrochemically Formed on Nickel

et al. 2012

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“…Such improvements include higher discharge capacity, longer cycle life, better kinetic behavior (with respect to both the stability of the electrode and its high-rate charge/discharge capabilities), and lower material cost. Hydrogen storage alloys play a very important role in allowing these improvements as the active negative electrode materials in NiMH batteries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. These alloys possess both environmental and technical advantages over the cadmium electrode of Ni-Cd rechargeable batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annealing effects on structural and electrochemical properties of (LaPrNdZr)0.83Mg0.17(NiCoAlMn)3.3 alloy

Li¹,

Kim²,

Ouchi³

et al. 2009

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…Although wholly absorbed in the physico-chemical properties and in micro/nano phenomena, the energy supply and conversion issue in such scales have also been introduced in research laboratories worldwide [22][23][24][25]. Great quantities of micro/ nano scale energy devices have been investigated [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Micro/nanofluids can also be employed as carriers and media in energy conversion similar to their counterpart macroscale tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

Yang

Liu

2010

Front. Energy Power Eng. China

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Most people were not aware of the role of energy as a basic force that drives the development and economic growth of the world until the two great oil crises occurred. According to the conservation law, energy not only exists in various forms but is also capable of being converted from one form to another. The common forms of energy are mechanical energy, chemical energy, internal energy, electrical energy, atomic energy, and electromagnetic energy, among others. The fluids in nature serve as the most common carriers and media in the energy conversion process. Following the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, the energy supply and conversion issue in micro/nano scale has also been introduced in research laboratories worldwide. With unremitting efforts, great quantities of micro/ nano scale energy devices have been investigated. Micro/ nanofluid shows distinct features in transporting and converting energy similar to their counterpart macroscale tasks. In this paper, a series of micro/nanofluid-enabled energy conversion devices is reviewed based on the transformation between different forms of energy. The evaluation and contradistinction of their performances are also examined. The role of micro/nanofluid as media in micro/nano energy devices is summarized. This contributes to the establishment of a comprehensive and systematic structure in the relationship between energy conversion and fluid in the micro/nano scale. Some fundamental and practical issues are outlined, and the prospects in this challenging area are explored.

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Nickel/metal hydride technology for consumer and electric vehicle batteries—a review and up-date

Cited by 73 publications

References 2 publications

Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy of α and β Phases of Thin Nickel Hydroxide Films Electrochemically Formed on Nickel

Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy of α and β Phases of Thin Nickel Hydroxide Films Electrochemically Formed on Nickel

Annealing effects on structural and electrochemical properties of (LaPrNdZr)0.83Mg0.17(NiCoAlMn)3.3 alloy

Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

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