Nickel ions influence the transepithelial sodium transport in the trachea, intestine and skin

Abstract

Measurements of transepithelial potential and resistance in tissue and organ model systems enable the evaluation of the Ni2+ effect on the epithelial sodium channels, aquaporin 3, and the sodium–potassium pump in the epithelial cells. The aim of the presented study was to assess the immediate and prolonged effect of nickel ions on the transport of sodium ions in tissues exposed to direct contact with nickel, including airways, digestive tract and the skin. The influence of 0.1 mM nickel solution was performed on the trachea (n = 34), intestine (n = 44), and skin (n = 51) samples descended from 16 New Zealand albino rabbits. The electrophysiological parameters were measured in a modified Ussing chamber in stationary conditions and during a 15-s mechanical-chemical stimulation. A statistically significant decrease in the electric resistance values and the smallest range of the measured potential were observed for the Ni-treated trachea specimens. The use of nickel solution did not affect the sodium transport in the intestine epithelium. The skin fragments showed altered sodium ion transport, as demonstrated by the lower range and intensity of the measured potential. The gastrointestinal tract seems to be an organ best adapted to contact with nickel ions. In airways, nickel ions most likely enter epithelial cells and the space between them, modifying proteins and the airway surface liquid. The skin turned out to be the most sensitive tissue to the intensification of sodium ion transport through nickel ions.

Chitosan–Glycolic Acid Gel Modification of Chloride Ion Transport in Mammalian Skin: An In Vitro Study

“…Maintaining a negative charge on the surface of skin cells depends on the proper transport of chloride ions to the surface of the skin and the penetration of sodium ions into the cells [ 27 , 31 , 32 ]. The use of ion transport inhibitors amiloride and bumetanide allowed the inhibition of the entire pathway for individual ions and obtaining layers, cells that cannot secrete chloride or absorb sodium [ 1 , 2 , 27 , 31 , 32 ]. A reduction of the potential measured in stationary conditions (PDinitial) was demonstrated in comparison with preparations treated with Ringer’s solution and with CGG ( Table 1 , Mann–Whitney, PDinitial).…”

“…A reduction of the potential measured in stationary conditions (PDinitial) was demonstrated in comparison with preparations treated with Ringer’s solution and with CGG ( Table 1 , Mann–Whitney, PDinitial). The reduction of the potential may result from the increased transport of chloride ions from the cell, and thus cause an influx of water in the intracellular direction [ 1 , 2 ]. After a series of stimulations, the potential value (PDfinal) does not differ from the control.…”

“…Access to magnesium ions is essential for the activation and regulatory action of CFTR [ 27 ]. The CFTR channel present in the sweat channels is inhibited by bumetanide [ 1 , 2 , 26 ]. It can be assumed that the applied chitosan solution gently stimulates CFTR to chloride secretion, maintaining a tendency to decrease sodium ion transport (changes in potential—PD, Table 3 and Table 4 ) and to maintain a constant cell volume.…”

“…It is a biologically derived raw material and the second most common polymer after cellulose. Chitosan is well-known for its applicability as a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic material for biomedical, food-related, supplemental and cosmetic use [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The unique properties of chitosan result from the presence of amine and hydroxyl functional groups in its structure [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

30-Min Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Influences Airway Ion Transport—An In Vitro Study

“…The disturbances in the normal flow of ions lead to changes in ASL, and consequently to the development of an inflammatory response and cough initiation. Increased cough reflex combined with changes in ASL makes coughing more difficult, which is observed in conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and COPD [18,24]. Accordingly, cigarette smoke has an adverse influence on the respiratory tract, as confirmed by numerous studies [1,5].…”