Nickel in soils: A review of its distribution and impacts

Iyaka, Y. A.

doi:10.5897/srex11.035

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…While Ni appears to be enriched within the boundary zone, the amount is not significant enough to implicate a volcanic source (Rampino et al 2017). Nickel content in terrestrial soils becomes more mobile when exposed to lower pH water (Iyaka, 2011), and this slight enrichment of Ni may be from terrestrial runoff due to more acidic rainwater during the event (Sheldon, 2006). Zn on the other hand ( Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of the 55 Rock Samples Utilizing An Icp-ms Demonstrmentioning

confidence: 98%

What caused Earth's largest mass extinction event? New evidence from the Permian-Triassic boundary in northeastern Utah

Burger

Estrada

Gustin

2019

Global and Planetary Change

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This pre-print details the geochemistry across a newly discovered extraordinarily wellpreserved stratigraphic section of the Permian-Triassic boundary in Utah. The attached manuscript features a comprehensive geochemical dataset from northeastern Utah, assembled from a unique and remarkable 9-meter section of rock in Sheep Creek Valley. The findings include a large-scale carbon isotopic excursion across the event, indicative of high atmospheric carbon dioxide, as well as a dramatic reduction in the deposition of calcium carbonate due to ocean acidification at the boundary layer. This study further documents an elevated mercuryspike, as well as observed elevated lead, zinc and strontium content. This evidence suggests large amounts of naturally occurring emissions of coal combustion at the Permian-Triassic boundary, likely caused by the large scale volcanic eruptions of the coeval Siberian Traps. The resulting global changes associated with the abrupt enrichment of the atmosphere in carbon dioxide was the major contributor to the mass extinction event. This is the first study to examine barium content across the Permian-Triassic boundary, and it provides evidence that upwelling of methane hydrate in the oceans followed the initial acidification event. Ocean anoxia (absence of oxygen) is suggested by the unusual deposition of pyrite within the shallow marine waters of the once coastal sediments of northeastern Utah. Precession orbital geochemical variation is observed in the stratigraphic section allowing a finer temporal resolution beyond any previously published section. Together, this dataset gives a unique picture of an ancient cataclysm that altered life on Earth. This study is a cautionary tell of what can happen if we do not heed the warnings of the geological past. In Payne and Clapham's 2012 review of the Permian-Triassic boundary they suggested "the end-Permian extinction may serve as an important ancient analog for the twenty-first century…." The results of this study amplify that statement, as evidence gathered in this study suggest that large emissions of burning coal and other hydrocarbons during the Siberian Trap volcanic event was largely responsible for Earth's largest mass extinction 252 million years ago. A greater understanding of this ancient event may be the key in helping researchers forecast changes facing the Earth today.

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Section: Analysis Of the 55 Rock Samples Utilizing An Icp-ms Demonstrmentioning

confidence: 98%

What caused Earth's largest mass extinction event? New evidence from the Permian-Triassic boundary in northeastern Utah

Burger

Estrada

Gustin

2019

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The boiling points of heavy metal (Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu) chlorides are below 1000 • C, thus, these metals tend to be volatile and enriched in MSWI fly ashes. The melting point and boiling point of Ni are 1455 • C and 2732 • C, respectively, thus, most of the non-volatile Ni remains in the MSWI bottom ashes [42]. Meanwhile, the contents of these seven HMs are higher than their soil backgrounds, especially for Pb, Zn, and Cd, i.e., the contents of Pb, Zn and Cd in autumn (the highest seasonal value) are 42, 77, and 1260 times higher than the Beijing soil background values, which are 24.60, 57.50, and 0.119 mg/kg, respectively [43,44].…”

Section: Seasonal Variation Of Hmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of the Mobility and Toxicity of Metals in Beijing’s Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash

et al. 2021

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Metal mobility and toxicity of the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash from different seasons in Beijing were studied using leaching toxicity procedures, sequential extraction procedures, and bioavailability procedures. The X-ray diffraction results showed that MSWI fly ash contained CaSO4, CaCO3, and KCl. The Pb, Zn, and Cd contents of MSWI fly ash were high, especially during autumn, being 42, 77, and 1260 times higher than that of their soil backgrounds, respectively. Leaching toxicity experiments showed that MSWI fly ash is hazardous, since Pb exceeded the maximum threshold (5 mg/L). The main alkali metal ions and anions, heavy metals total content, leaching concentration, chemical speciation, and bioavailability varied seasonally. The Pb and Zn leaching concentrations in summer and autumn were higher than that of the other two seasons. Sequential extraction procedures indicated that Pb, Zn, and Cd showed extremely high metal mobility, i.e., the residual states of Pb and Cd in spring were 5.83% and 1.21%, respectively, and that of Zn in autumn was 10.68%. These results will help industries, governments, and the public better understand the risk of MSWI fly ash and will urge them to pay more attention to preventing harm to the ecosystem and human beings.

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“…Cr, As, Ni, and Co also formed highly correlated pair with a correlation coefficient of 0.74 and 0.70, respectively, suggesting that these may be originated from some common sources. Industrial wastes, fertilizers/pesticides, and disposal of sewage sludge might be some of the causes for the elevated concentration of these correlated elements [29][30][31]. Both Fe and Ni exhibited strong positive correlations with As.…”

Section: Identification Of Source Of Potentially Toxic Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of potentially toxic elements’ contamination in surface soils of Kulsi River Basin in North East India

et al. 2019

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The assessment of potentially toxic elements' contamination in surface soils of Kulsi River Basin in North East India has been studied based on the analysis of 50 soil samples collected from the basin. The average concentrations of Co (2.30 mg/kg), Ni (7.26 mg/kg), Pb (9.41 mg/kg), and Zn (22.7 mg/kg) surpassed the background levels prescribed for sedimentary rocks which indicated anthropogenic contribution of these metals. The average values of enrichment factors for different elements under study followed the order as Co > Ni > Zn > Pb > As > Fe > Cr. Results of multi-element indices revealed significant contamination at many sites; however, computed values for potential ecological risk index indicated only low ecological risk at all the sampling sites. The contribution of individual toxic elements toward the potential ecological risk followed the order as Co > Ni > As > Pb > Zn > Cr. The study recommends that suitable measures need to be taken for checking any further contamination in the area.

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Nickel in soils: A review of its distribution and impacts

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

What caused Earth's largest mass extinction event? New evidence from the Permian-Triassic boundary in northeastern Utah

What caused Earth's largest mass extinction event? New evidence from the Permian-Triassic boundary in northeastern Utah

Seasonal Variation of the Mobility and Toxicity of Metals in Beijing’s Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash

Assessment of potentially toxic elements’ contamination in surface soils of Kulsi River Basin in North East India

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