“…There are three approaches to the study of non-covalent interactions in the crystalline state that are relevant here: the use of ion pairs 28 for charged species, the design of self-complementary molecules 29 and the co-crystallisation of donor and acceptor molecules. 30 To study the halogen bonding of bis(carbene) substituted nickel fluorides, we have performed co-crystallisation experiments with three different complexes, 2-iPr 2 Im , the backbone methylated analogue [Ni(F)(iPr 2 Me 2 Im) 2 (C 6 F 5 )], 2-iPr 2 Me 2 Im 31,32 (iPr 2 Me 2 Im = 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene), and the mesityl substituted carbene complex [Ni(F)(Mes 2 Im) 2 (C 6 F 5 )], 2-Mes 2 Im (Mes 2 Im = 1,3-dimesityl-imidazolin-2-ylidene). 22 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (C 6 F 4 I 2 ) was used as a halogen bond donor that could form mono- or dinuclear adducts in 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 stoichiometry.…”