Niche dimensionality and herbivory control stream algal biomass via shifts in guild composition, richness, and evenness

Passy, Sophia I.; Larson, Chad A.

doi:10.1002/ecy.2831

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Concerning diatoms, the cold-water status of most low-and high-profile taxa threatens depletion of species that make up the base and bulk of the periphyton. The low-profile guild composes the lower layers of the algal mat, whereas the high-profile guild forms the upper layers of the mat and contributes the most to algal biomass (Passy, 2007;Passy & Larson, 2019). Moreover, the majority of species in the motile guild are warm-water taxa and have the capacity to increase with higher temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current distributions and future climate‐driven changes in diatoms, insects and fish in U.S. streams

Pound

Larson

Passy

2020

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim Biodiversity on Earth is threatened by climate change. Despite the vulnerability of freshwater habitats to human impacts, most climate change projections have focused on terrestrial systems. Here, we examined how the current distributions and biodiversity of stream taxa might change under mitigated, stabilizing and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Location Conterminous USA. Time period Present day to 2070. Major taxa studied Stream diatoms, insects and fish. Methods We developed species distribution models for 336 freshwater taxa from 1,227 distinct stream localities using water chemistry, watershed and climatic variables. Models based only on climate were used to project changes in the distributions and biodiversity of cold‐ versus warm‐water taxa under representative concentration pathways (RCPs) ranging from 2.6 to 8.5 W/m2. Results In all three organismal groups, climate emerged as the strongest predictor of species distributions, providing comparable explanatory power to water chemistry and watershed variables combined. The RCP‐based projections suggested a widespread expansion of warm‐water taxa, outpacing the decline of cold‐water taxa. Consequently, overall species richness would increase, but beta diversity would decrease drastically with the severity of climate change. A closer look at individual taxa and functional guilds revealed that vulnerable cold‐water taxa included: (a) diatom guilds forming the base and bulk of the biofilm; (b) environmentally sensitive insects, characteristic of unimpacted streams; and (c) ecologically and recreationally important salmonids, which were forecast to diminish dramatically in source habitats. Warm‐water fish projected to increase their distributions include bait bucket release minnows and dominant predators. Main conclusions Our results suggest potentially devastating impacts of climate change on stream ecosystems, with the restructuring of diatom, insect and fish communities, diminished distributions of functionally important taxa and widespread expansion of warm‐water taxa, giving rise to biotic homogenization. Given that the magnitude of these biotic shifts depends on the severity of climate change, appropriate current policy decisions are necessary to preserve freshwater ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current distributions and future climate‐driven changes in diatoms, insects and fish in U.S. streams

Pound

Larson

Passy

2020

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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“…An increased presence of Quercus and Betula pollen on Mount Taibai also suggest warm, wet conditions (Li et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2016) with temperatures perhaps being as much as 2 • C warmer than mean annual temperatures observed today (Li et al, 2005). These local climate indicators tie in well with regional monsoon patterns; monsoon strength was higher in central (Paulsen et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2016) and northeast China (F. than north-west China (J. , while, globally, lowlatitude temperatures increased (Fig. 6d).…”

Section: Diatom Compositional Turnovermentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Sub-decadal isotopic records from a stalagmite from a Buddha cave in the Qinling mountains indicate a period of a warm, wet climate between ca. 985 and 475 cal BP (965-1475 CE) (Paulsen et al, 2003), while phenological records, including the beginning of tree flowering along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers, show that winter halfyear temperatures were high between 1380-640 cal BP (570-1310 CE) (Ge et al, 2003). An increased presence of Quercus and Betula pollen on Mount Taibai also suggest warm, wet conditions (Li et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2016) with temperatures perhaps being as much as 2 • C warmer than mean annual temperatures observed today (Li et al, 2005).…”

Section: Diatom Compositional Turnovermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Alpine ecosystems are some of the most sensitive to changing climate, due in part to elevation-dependent warming, i.e. the amplification of warming at higher altitudes (Yan and Liu, 2014;Pepin et al, 2015). Understanding how highaltitude ecosystems respond to changing climate is a matter of urgency, because not only do these regions act as "water towers" supplying water to huge populations downstream (Messerli et al, 2004;Buytaert et al, 2017) but they also provide habitats to many iconic species that are classified by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) as being vulnerable (Fan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neoglacial trends in diatom dynamics from a small alpine lake in the Qinling mountains of central China

et al. 2020

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Abstract. During the latter stages of the Holocene, and prior to anthropogenic global warming, the Earth underwent a period of cooling called the neoglacial. The neoglacial is associated with declining summer insolation and changes to Earth's surface albedo. Although impacts varied globally, in China the neoglacial was generally associated with a cooler climate and an attenuated Asian summer monsoon. Few studies in central China, however, have explored the impact of neoglacial cooling on freshwater diversity, especially in alpine regions. Here we take a palaeolimnological approach to characterise multi-decadal variability in diatom community composition, ecological guilds, and compositional turnover over the past 3500 years from the alpine Yuhuang Chi lake on Mount Taibai in the Qinling mountains. Diatoms in the high-profile guild dominate much of the record from 3500 to 615 cal BP, which suggests that few nutrients in the lake were limiting overall, and disturbance and herbivory were likely low. After 615 cal BP, low-profile and planktic guild diatoms increase, suggesting greater turbulence in the lake, alongside a decline in available nutrients. Diatom turnover highlights periods in the lake history when deterministic processes structured diatom communities. For example, an abrupt decline in turnover is coincident with the shift from high- to low-profile diatoms at 615 cal BP, and this is likely due to the onset of the Little Ice Age in the region. We suggest that Yuhuang Chi lake became more shallow during peak regional aridity, which led to the short-lived community restructuring observed in the record.

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“…A variety of changes to periphyton occur in response to nutrient‐enriched conditions. Stream benthic algal species richness increased with the number of added nutrients, especially with micronutrient (manganese and/or iron) supplementation (Passy & Larson, 2019). Dunck, Felisberto, and de Souza Nogueira (2019) tested the hypotheses that periphytic algae have higher dissimilarity of both species and functional traits in eutrophic environments by examining richness, density, and four functional traits of periphytic algae from wetlands in the Brazilian savanna.…”

Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

Substratum‐associated microbiota

Furey

Lee

Clemans

2020

Water Environment Research

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Highlights of new, interesting, and emerging research findings on substratum-associated microbiota covered from a survey of 2019 literature from primarily freshwaters provide insight into research trends of interest to the Water Environment Federation and others interested in benthic, aquatic environments. Coverage of topics on bottom-associated or attached algae and cyanobacteria, though not comprehensive, includes new methods, taxa new-to-science, nutrient dynamics, auto-and heterotrophic interactions, grazers, bioassessment, herbicides and other pollutants, metal contaminants, and nuisance, and bloom-forming and harmful algae. Coverage of bacteria, also not comprehensive, focuses on the ecology of benthic biofilms and microbial communities, along with the ecology of microbes like Caulobacter crescentus, Rhodobacter, and other freshwater microbial species. Bacterial topics covered also include metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, toxins and pollutants, bacterial pathogens and bacteriophages, and bacterial physiology. Readers may use this literature review to learn about or renew their interest in the recent advances and discoveries regarding substratum-associated microbiota. © 2020 Water Environment Federation • Practitioner points • This review of literature from 2019 on substratum-associated microbiota presents highlights of findings on algae, cyanobacteria, and bacteria from primarily freshwaters. • Coverage of algae and cyanobacteria includes findings on new methods, taxa new to science, nutrient dynamics, auto-and heterotrophic interactions, grazers, bioassessment, herbicides and other pollutants, metal contaminants, and nuisance, bloomforming and harmful algae. • Coverage of bacteria includes findings on ecology of benthic biofilms and microbial communities, the ecology of microbes, metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, toxins and pollutants, bacterial pathogens and bacteriophages, and bacterial physiology. • Highlights of new, noteworthy and emerging topics build on those from 2018 and will be of relevance to the Water Environment Federation and others interested in benthic, aquatic environments

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Niche dimensionality and herbivory control stream algal biomass via shifts in guild composition, richness, and evenness

Cited by 20 publications

References 67 publications

Current distributions and future climate‐driven changes in diatoms, insects and fish in U.S. streams

Current distributions and future climate‐driven changes in diatoms, insects and fish in U.S. streams

Neoglacial trends in diatom dynamics from a small alpine lake in the Qinling mountains of central China

Substratum‐associated microbiota

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