NICHE AND RANGE SIZE PATTERNS SUGGEST THAT SPECIATION BEGINS IN SMALL, ECOLOGICALLY DIVERGED POPULATIONS IN NORTH AMERICAN MONKEYFLOWERS (<i>MIMULUS SPP</i>.)

Grossenbacher, Dena L.; Veloz, Sam; Sexton, Jason P.

doi:10.1111/evo.12355

Cited by 98 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…R. Soc. B 281: 20132980 the combined result of high range overlap plus high range asymmetry in young sisters of the CFP, we infer budding speciation, where new species form within or peripheral to the range of the retained ancestral species, as an important process generating new species, a result recently supported in analysis of the genus Mimulus [62]. Our results are in striking contrast to the classic model of allopatric speciation by subdivision [22] as well as to results for non-plant clades, where levels of sympatry are uniformly lower (33-45% sympatry in mammalian clades, 50% sympatry in Drosophila, 35% in flycatchers and less than 30% in a group of mostly verterbrate animals), and where age-range analyses find support for primarily allopatric speciation ( [5,14,63,64], but see [65]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The geography and ecology of plant speciation: range overlap and niche divergence in sister species

2014

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A goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the roles of geography and ecology in speciation. The recent shared ancestry of sister species can leave a major imprint on their geographical and ecological attributes, possibly revealing processes involved in speciation. We examined how ecological similarity, range overlap and range asymmetry are related to time since divergence of 71 sister species pairs in the California Floristic Province (CFP). We found that plants exhibit strikingly different age-range correlation patterns from those found for animals; the latter broadly support allopatric speciation as the primary mode of speciation. By contrast, plant sisters in the CFP were sympatric in 80% of cases and range sizes of sisters differed by a mean of 10-fold. Range overlap and range asymmetry were greatest in younger sisters. These results suggest that speciation mechanisms broadly grouped under 'budding' speciation, in which a larger ranged progenitor gives rise to a smaller ranged derivative species, are probably common. The ecological and reproductive similarity of sisters was significantly greater than that of sister-non-sister congeners for every trait assessed. However, shifts in at least one trait were present in 93% of the sister pairs; habitat and soil shifts were especially common. Ecological divergence did not increase with range overlap contrary to expectations under character displacement in sympatry. Our results suggest that vicariant speciation is more ubiquitous in animals than plants, perhaps owing to the sensitivity of plants to fine-scale environmental heterogeneity. Despite high levels of range overlap, ecological shifts in the process of budding speciation may result in low rates of fine-scale spatial co-occurrence. These results have implications for ecological studies of trait evolution and community assembly; despite high levels of sympatry, sister taxa and potentially other close relatives, may be missing from local communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The geography and ecology of plant speciation: range overlap and niche divergence in sister species

2014

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“…We note that recent phylogenetic analyses of species' ranges suggest that this mode of speciation is common in Mimulus [53] and other flowering plants [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Speciation and Introgression between Mimulus nasutus and Mimulus guttatus

et al. 2014

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Mimulus guttatus and M. nasutus are an evolutionary and ecological model sister species pair differentiated by ecology, mating system, and partial reproductive isolation. Despite extensive research on this system, the history of divergence and differentiation in this sister pair is unclear. We present and analyze a population genomic data set which shows that M. nasutus budded from a central Californian M. guttatus population within the last 200 to 500 thousand years. In this time, the M. nasutus genome has accrued genomic signatures of the transition to predominant selfing, including an elevated proportion of nonsynonymous variants, an accumulation of premature stop codons, and extended levels of linkage disequilibrium. Despite clear biological differentiation, we document genomic signatures of ongoing, bidirectional introgression. We observe a negative relationship between the recombination rate and divergence between M. nasutus and sympatric M. guttatus samples, suggesting that selection acts against M. nasutus ancestry in M. guttatus.

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“…This means that species, on average, currently share c . 30% of their potential range (i.e., physiological tolerance) on average with other Pulmonaria species, which may allow some opportunity for gene flow between species (Grossenbacher, Veloz, & Sexton, ; van der Niet & Johnson, ). However, given the large variation in pairwise RI ecogeo values presented here, this overall mean obscures the fact that a number of species pairs do not overlap in their range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change increases ecogeographical isolation between closely related plants

Duffy

Jacquemyn

2018

Journal of Ecology

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Ecogeographical isolation is a fundamental prezygotic barrier to reproduction and a step towards diversification in flowering plants. However, whether ecogeographical isolation acts as a reproductive barrier between species and thus as a mechanism for species divergence is unclear and is expected to change as species distributions shift under climate change. Using a Maxent framework, we quantified the extent of ecogeographical isolation of nine closely related species of the European plant genus Pulmonaria, which lack premating barriers and often form hybrids. We investigated ecogeographical isolation under both current conditions and four climate change scenarios; two unrelated future climate models, each with two predictions of the potential trajectories of climate change. Compared with current climates, under these future climate scenarios, there will be an increase in mean annual temperature, but not in mean annual precipitation in the range of Pulmonaria throughout Europe. This will result in a range contraction in three of the nine Pulmonaria species, a range expansion in two species, and no clear effect of climate change on the ranges of four species. Climate change will result in an overall increase in ecogeographical isolation between these species in future. In particular, species that have low ecogeographical isolation under current conditions are predicted to increase the most in their ecogeographical isolation under climate change. Synthesis. These results highlight that climate change can strongly impact on a major premating barrier of closely related species, therefore potentially affect the evolutionary trajectory of plants in the future.

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NICHE AND RANGE SIZE PATTERNS SUGGEST THAT SPECIATION BEGINS IN SMALL, ECOLOGICALLY DIVERGED POPULATIONS IN NORTH AMERICAN MONKEYFLOWERS (MIMULUS SPP.)

Cited by 98 publications

References 81 publications

The geography and ecology of plant speciation: range overlap and niche divergence in sister species

The geography and ecology of plant speciation: range overlap and niche divergence in sister species

Speciation and Introgression between Mimulus nasutus and Mimulus guttatus

Climate change increases ecogeographical isolation between closely related plants

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