Ni–Fe Catalysts Supported on γ-Al₂O₃/HZSM-5 for Transformation of Palmitic Acid into Hydrocarbon Fuel

Abstract

Ni–Fe catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3 and HZSM-5 were proved to be active for fatty acids conversion into hydrocarbon fuel. The strong interaction between Ni and γ-Al2O3 produced NiAl2O4 species without the Ni–Fe alloy on 10%Ni-5%Fe/γ-Al2O3, while the weak interaction between Ni and HZSM-5 induced FeNi3 alloy formation along with Ni and NiFe2O4 on 10%Ni-5%Fe/HZSM-5. On the two catalysts, palmitic acid could be completely converted. However, the hydrocarbon selectivity was obviously different, with pentadecane and hexadecane mainly obtained with a selectivity of 72.2% on 10%Ni-5%Fe/γ-Al2O3 and 60.5% on 10%Ni-5%Fe/HZSM-5, respectively, which were attributed to the formation of different active species. Detailed studies suggested that the surface of NiAl2O4 species favored the decarboxylation (DCO2)/decarbonylation (DCO) pathway to produce pentadecane, whereas the FeNi3 alloy facilitated the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) pathway to produce hexadecane. This work offers an effective approach to tuning the hydrocarbon selectivity by using different interactions between metals and supports.

Boosting Amination of 1‐Octanol to 1‐Octylamine via Metal‐Metal Oxide Interactions in NixFe1/Al2O3 Catalysts

“…The Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst exhibited a broad peak of reducing NiO to metal Ni within a medium temperature range around 575 °C. [20] The reduction temperature profile of the Fe/ Al 2 O 3 sample showed two reduction peaks centered at 387 °C and 685 °C, representing the reduction of Fe 2 O 3 to Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 3 O 4 to FeO, [21] respectively. Compared to the monometallic catalyst, the bimetallic Ni x Fe 1 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst had two main reduction peaks.…”

“…[26] Compared with the Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, the amount of basic sites increased and the peaks of medium basic shifted to a higher temperature over Ni x Fe/Al 2 O 3 , which was likely due to the oxygen in Fe species and the formation of NiFe alloy. [21,27]…”

Biodiesel Upgrading to Renewable Diesel over Nickel Supported on Natural Mordenite Catalysts

“…Another crucial factor determining the hydrodeoxygenation activity of the catalysts is the choice of the support. A variety of supports has been studied in the literature for the selective deoxygenation of fatty compounds. − The exploitation of minerals as “natural” catalysts or catalytic supports is very important in the context of sustainable development and the cyclic economy. − …”

“…Its chemical composition is (Ca,Na 2 ,K 2 )­Al 2 Si 10 O 24 ·7H 2 O. Mordenite is a zeolite material composed of bound SiO 4 and AlO 4 tetrahedra forming two types of cross-linked micropores with apertures 0.67 nm × 0.7 nm and 0.34 nm × 0.48 nm . Zeolites are commonly used as supports of Ni catalysts for relevant reactions. − Thus, Ni catalysts supported on natural mordenite seems to be a promising approach for developing suitable catalysts for selective deoxygenation of fatty compounds. The acidity of this zeolite support is expected to accelerate the hydrodeoxygenation of fatty alcohols (intermediate products of SDO) producing hydrocarbons with the same number of carbon atoms and water.…”

The Future of Biomass Utilization Technologies Special Issue Editorial

“…Thus, as the energy demand and serious environmental concerns increase, the technologies including torrefaction, catalytic conversion, gasification, and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) have attracted more and more attention and have developed rapidly in recent years. A variety of reactions, including hydrogenation, oxidation, deoxygenation (hydrodeoxygenation, decarboxylation and decarbonylation), catalytic cracking, dehydrogenation, aromatization, reforming, pyrolysis, ketonization, and so on have been achieved. − Various products including biochar, bio-oil, hydrogen, aromatics, CO 2 , CO, CH 4 and other gaseous hydrocarbons have been obtained. − …”