NHM-Chem, the Japan Meteorological Agency's Regional Meteorology – Chemistry Model: Model Evaluations toward the Consistent Predictions of the Chemical, Physical, and Optical Properties of Aerosols

Abstract

The model performance of a regional-scale meteorology-chemistry model (NHM-Chem) has been evaluated for the consistent predictions of the chemical, physical, and optical properties of aerosols. These properties are essentially important for the accurate assessment of air quality and health hazards, contamination of land and ocean ecosystems, and regional climate changes due to aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction processes. Currently, three optional methods are available: the five-category non-equilibrium method, the three-category non-equilibrium method, and the bulk equilibrium method. These three methods are suitable for the predictions of regional climate, air quality, and operational forecasts, respectively. In this paper, the simulated aerosol chemical, physical, and optical properties and their consistency were evaluated using various observation data in East Asia. The simulated mass, size, and deposition of SO 4 2− and NH 4 + agreed well with the observations, whereas those of NO 3 − , sea salt, and dust needed improvement. The simulated surface mass concentration (PM 10 and PM 2.5) and spherical extinction coefficient agreed well with the observations. The simulated aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and dust extinction coefficient were significantly underestimated.

MICS-Asia III: overview of model intercomparison and evaluation of acid deposition over Asia

“…4.2). An evaluation of the atmospheric concentrations of gases and aerosols simulated by models is given in our companion papers (Kong et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2019). Due to the diffi-S. Itahashi et al: Overview of acid deposition in MICS-Asia III culty of directly measuring deposition, especially within the framework of observation networks (EANET, 2010b), we relied on model-simulated atmospheric concentrations to estimate amounts of dry deposition.…”

“…This phase consists of three parts: topic 1, the comparison and evaluation of current multiscale air quality models; topic 2, the development of reliable emission inventories in Asia; and topic 3, the interactions between air quality and climate change. Scientific papers focusing on gas-phase species (Kong et al, 2020), aerosols (Chen et al, 2019), and ozone (O 3 ) (Akimoto et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019) have been published. The details of topic 2 (Li et al, 2017a) and topic 3 (Gao et al, 2018) have also been reported.…”

Deposition and Dispersion of Radio‐Cesium Released Due to the Fukushima Nuclear Accident: Sensitivity to Meteorological Models and Physical Modules

“…The regional-scale Eulerian transport model NHM-Chem (Kajino, Deushi, et al, 2018;Kajino et al, 2019) has been used for simulations of the transport and deposition of radionuclides. NHM-Chem is a chemical transport model (CTM) coupled with a meteorological model, that is, the Japan Meteorological Agency's (JMA) Nonhydrostatic Model (NHM; Saito et al, 2007).…”

Aerosol mixing state revealed by transmission electron microscopy pertaining to cloud formation and human airway deposition

“…In recent decades, representations of aerosol physicochemical properties in regional and global models have been improved. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Nevertheless, due to computational constraint, these model representations have been unavoidably simplified to certain degrees and may lead to erroneous calculations of climaterelevant quantities to various extents. On the other hand, more explicit representations of aerosol physicochemical properties and simulations of aerosol atmospheric processing have been conducted in process level modeling frameworks [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] to evaluate the impacts of aerosols on climate-relevant quantities.…”

“…npj Climate and Atmospheric Science (2019)22 Published in partnership with CECCR at King Abdulaziz University…”