NGX6a Is Degraded through a Proteasome-dependent Pathway without Ubiquitination Mediated by Ezrin, a Cytoskeleton-Membrane Linker

Wang, Li; Li, Xiaoling; Xiang, Bo; Zhou, Ming; Li, Xiayu; Wang, Xiong; Niu, M. C.; Wei, Pingpin; Wang, Zeyou; Wang, Heran; Pan, Chen; Shen, Shourong; Peng, Shuping; Li, Guiyuan

doi:10.1074/jbc.m114.584771

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…[ 18 ] FCS monitors the fl uorescence molecules diffusing in and out in a tightly focused confocal volume. [ 18 ] FCS monitors the fl uorescence molecules diffusing in and out in a tightly focused confocal volume.…”

Section: Optical Properties Of Bioconjugated Fnd For Nanoscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Single‐Molecule Imaging of Transmembrane Signaling by Targeting Nanodiamonds

Yang

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have recently emerged as promising probes for imaging applications. A significant limitation of the applications is the use of FNDs as endogenous protein tags for long‐term 3D single molecule imaging to gain critical understanding of the underlying mechanism such as transmembrane signaling. Here, FNDs conjugated with transforming growth factor (TGF) are developed as an imaging probe for endogenous TGF‐beta (TGF‐β) receptor labeling and 3D single molecule imaging. FNDs display higher localization accuracy in 3D than organic dye making it an ideal candidate for nanoscopy applications. The real‐time dynamics of TGF‐β receptors after binding conjugated FNDs and in cells treated with therapeutic small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMI) are further monitored. The Bayesian treatment of hidden Markov models confirms and quantifies three different diffusive states and the transition rates between the three states. The kinetic reaction favors a faster diffusion population after therapeutic SMI treatment. The results show that immobilized TGF‐β is critical for active signaling. SMI treatment can release TGF‐β from the signaling complex. The results demonstrate the reported method that provides a powerful technique to study the mechanism of transmembrane signaling and valuable insights for developing better therapeutic for TGF‐β‐associated cancers.

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Section: Optical Properties Of Bioconjugated Fnd For Nanoscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Single‐Molecule Imaging of Transmembrane Signaling by Targeting Nanodiamonds

Yang

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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Tumor suppressor NGX6 inhibits the growth and metastasis of multiple cancers

Zhong

Shuai

et al. 2016

Tumor Biol.

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-associated gene 6 (NGX6) is a membrane protein primarily located in the nuclear membrane and cell membrane. Several groups reported that NGX6 gene was down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), gastric cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer and even less in the carcinomas with metastasis. Current studies have demonstrated that NGX6 possesses various biological functions, such as regulating protein expression of related genes, involving cell signal transduction pathways, negatively controlling cell cycle progression, inhibiting angiogenesis, and increasing the sensitivity of patients to anti-cancer drugs. Some factors regulating the expression level of NGX6 gene also have been studied. The methylation of promoter of NGX6 and histone H3K9 negatively regulates its expression, similar to the function of transcription factor special protein-1 (Sp1). However, the regulatory factor early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) is provided with positive regulation function. This review will summarize the progress of those studies on NGX6 and elucidate the potential application of NGX6 for some malignant diseases.

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