Nexus between export variety and carbon emissions in Pakistan: The role of FDI and technological development

Haq, Ihtisham ul; Mehmed, Bahtiyar; Gamage, Sisira Kumara Naradda; Allayarov, Piratdin; Khan, Dilawar; Khattak, Zeeshan Zaib

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263066

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, a 1% increase in the negative shocks on FDI in India, will cause a 0.029% reduction in environment value in the short run, and this magnitude increases to 0.043% in the long run. This aligns with the outcomes from Zameer et al 60 for India and Haq et al 61 for Pakistan.…”

Section: Empirical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Interactions among technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and agriculture: A symmetric and asymmetric study of inclusive sustainable development

Emir

Udemba

Khan

et al. 2022

Energy & Environment

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This study examines the Indian inclusive sustainable development. India ranked third in global carbon emissions amidst its economic performance. This tells more about one-sided sustainable development policy of the country. With this trend of development anchored only on Indian economic activities, we consider it important to research the economy with instruments (such as technological innovation, foreign direct investment (FDI), and agriculture) that are unique to the country. India's data from 1980 to 2019 are applied to this study with two models for testing both economic and environmental developments. We utilized two scientific methods (non-linear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS)) to demonstrate both symmetric and asymmetric technical analyses. Findings from NARDL show that technological innovation and FDI are mitigating carbon emissions, while economic growth and agriculture are increasing carbon emissions thereby impacting negatively the environment. Also, the result from the economic model confirms that all variables are impacting favorably on economic development except carbon emission. The findings from DOLS support the findings from NARDL. The result confirmed that India is yet to attain inclusive sustainable development, however, it is evident that with the right policy framed on tech innovation and FDI, the country could attain balanced sustainable development. Having seen, the dual capacity of both technological innovation and FDI toward strengthening both the economy and environment, it is worthy to consider these instruments as among the sustainable policies

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Section: Empirical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Interactions among technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and agriculture: A symmetric and asymmetric study of inclusive sustainable development

Emir

Udemba

Khan

et al. 2022

Energy & Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, a one percent (1%) increase in PGR rate significantly increases CO 2 emissions by 0.241 metric tons per capita. Our results confirm the findings of [40, [61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Several studies in Pakistan have discussed the relationship between CO 2 emissions and economic progress, energy usage, electricity consumption, human capital reduction, and nonrenewable energy, but they could not establish the interaction of these factors on one another [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. Pakistan is a developing country with somewhat steady economic stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An autoregressive distributed lag approach for estimating the nexus between CO2 emissions and economic determinants in Pakistan

et al. 2023

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have become a critical aspect of the economic and sustainable development indicators of every country. In Pakistan, where there is a substantial increase in the population, industrialization, and demand for electricity production from different resources, the fear of an increase in CO2 emissions cannot be ignored. This study explores the link that betwixt CO2 emissions with different significant economic indicators in Pakistan from 1960 to 2018 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) modelling technique. We implemented the covariance proportion, coefficient of determination, the Durbin Watson D statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), variance inflating factor (VIF), the Breusch-Pagan test, the Theil’s inequality, the root mean quare error (RMSE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and the mean absolute error (MAE) for the diagnostics, efficiency, and validity of our model. Our results showed a significant association between increased CO2 emissions and increased electricity production from oil, gas, and other sources. An increase in electricity production from coal resources was seen to have resulted in a decrease in CO2 emissions. We observed that an increase in the gross domestic product (GDP) and population growth significantly contributed to the increased CO2 emissions. The increment in CO2 emissions resulting from industrial growth was not significant. The increment in CO2 emissions in the contemporary year is significantly associated with the preceding year’s increase. The rate of increase was very alarming, a sign that no serious efforts have been channelled in this regard to reduce this phenomenon. We call for policy dialogue to devise energy-saving and CO2 emission reduction strategies to minimize the impact of climate change on industrialization, population growth, and GDP growth without deterring economic and human growth. Electricity production from different sources with no or minimal CO2 emissions should be adopted. We also recommend rigorous tree planting nationwide to help reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere as well as environmental pollution.

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“…Few recent studies have started to consider the impact of the informational globalization index, a sub-index of social globalization on the environment. Haq et al (2022) showed that informational globalization in Pakistan reduces CO2 emissions in the long run, while it has insignificant effects in the short run. In a different context, Ramzan et al (2023) found that informational globalization is significant in predicting environmental sustainability in the ten greenest economies.…”

Section: Empirical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Multiple Dimensions of Globalization on CO2 Emissions in Egypt (1970-2020)

البغدادلي

2024

المجلة الدولية للسياسات العامة في مصر

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Carbon emissions associated with increased globalization have emerged as a focal point of concern, particularly in countries highly vulnerable to climate change, such as Egypt. This paper investigates the impact of globalization on territorial CO2 emissions in Egypt during the period . Since globalization is a multidimensional process, the paper considers four dimensions of globalization: trade, financial, informational, and political globalization.The globalization indices covered in this study are based on the KOF Globalization sub-indices.Using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the results of this paper show that only financial globalization leads to mitigation of carbon emissions in Egypt in the long run.In contrast, both informational and political globalization are not environmentally friendly and contribute to higher CO2 emissions. In addition, trade globalization raises emission levels in the short run. Besides, both economic growth and primary energy consumption raise CO2 emissions in Egypt, whereas gross capital formation reduces emission levels. The paper's findings suggest that policies to enhance financial globalization should be encouraged.However, activities associated with informational and political globalization should be reshaped to consider environmental aspects and to help mitigate carbon emissions.

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Nexus between export variety and carbon emissions in Pakistan: The role of FDI and technological development

Cited by 20 publications

References 58 publications

Interactions among technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and agriculture: A symmetric and asymmetric study of inclusive sustainable development

Interactions among technological innovation, foreign direct investment, and agriculture: A symmetric and asymmetric study of inclusive sustainable development

An autoregressive distributed lag approach for estimating the nexus between CO2 emissions and economic determinants in Pakistan

The Impact of Multiple Dimensions of Globalization on CO2 Emissions in Egypt (1970-2020)

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