“…In today's global chemicals landscape, the focus is squarely on biomolecules like enzymes, renowned for their exceptional catalytic efficiency. Among them, proteases lead the way, comprising 60% of worldwide enzyme sales and finding utility in diverse industries spanning detergents, leather, textiles, food, and pharmaceuticals (Matkawala et al, 2022;Souza et al, 2022). Additionally, plant-derived enzymes such as papain, bromelain, and ficin have carved out their own place in various sectors, from meat tenderization to juice and beer clarification, cosmetics, textiles, baking, cheese production, edema treating, wool antishrinking, amino acid production and beyond (Shin et al, 2020;Benucci et al, 2020;Moreira Filho et al, 2020;Shouket et al, 2020).…”