Next Generation Diesel Particulate Filter

Kurimoto, Yudai; Mishina, Ritsuko; Kato, Kyozo; Aoki, Takashi; Honda, Takahiro; Kaneda, Atsushi; Vogt, Claus

doi:10.4271/2022-01-0545

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…DPF is one of the leading emission control technologies that facilitate the modern diesel engine to meet the mandatory regulatory requirements by regulating the tailpipe out particulate emission (Seo et al, 2012;Kurimoto et al, 2022). DPF is installed in the exhaust stream to trap the particulate emissions and is a critical part of the exhaust after-treatment system, usually located after the diesel oxidation catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of diesel particulate filter temperature dynamics during exotherm using neural networks

Legala,

LakkiReddy,

Weber

et al. 2023

Front. Therm. Eng.

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Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) in the diesel engine exhaust stream needs frequent regeneration (exotherm) to remove captured particulate matter (PM, or soot) without damaging to the porous DPF structure by controlling the peak temperatures and temperature gradients across the DPF. In this study, temperature distribution in a DPF is measured at 42 strategic locations in the test DPF under various regeneration conditions of exhaust flow rates, regeneration temperatures and soot loads. Then a data-based model with feed-forward neural network architecture is designed to model the thermal gradients and temperature dynamics of the DPF during the regeneration process. The neural network feature vector selection, network architecture, hyperparameter calibration process, measured data preprocessing, and experimental data acquisition procedure are evaluated. Over 7,400 experimental data points at various regeneration temperatures, flow rates and soot loads are used in training and validating the neural network model. It is found that the neural network model can accurately predict the 42 DPF bed temperatures simultaneously at different locations, and the time series analysis of both model-predicted and experimentally measured temperatures shows a good correlation. This indicates that the currently developed neural network model can provide spatial distribution of temperature in the DPF, and comprehend the nonlinearity of the temperature dynamics due to DPF soot load at exothermic conditions. These results demonstrate that the data-based model has capability in predicting thermal gradients within a DPF, aiding in determining a safer DPF regeneration strategy, onboard diagnostics and DPF development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of diesel particulate filter temperature dynamics during exotherm using neural networks

Legala,

LakkiReddy,

Weber

et al. 2023

Front. Therm. Eng.

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A Multi-Function, Heated Mixer for Rapid Heat-up, Low-Temperature Ammonia Demand, Deposit Prevention and to Meet Ultra-Low NOx Regulations

Masoudi¹,

Poliakov²,

Noorfeshan³

2023

SAE Technical Paper Series

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) operation depends strongly on both heat and ammonia availability (stored or incoming). These requirements make high efficiency SCR challenging in lower temperature cycles where SCR is relatively cold, and Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) injection is largely absent due to deposit risks. Examples include low temperature cycles such as low-idling, stop-and-go or low-load cycles such as city driving or local delivery cycles.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">An Electrically Heated Mixer/ EHM™ is utilized to address these challenges in a single component. EHM simultaneously provides heat for rapid SCR heat-up during the cold phase or in other low-temperature operations, steady or transient. Second, its heating mechanism makes deposit risks nearly non-existent. Third, EHM enables DEF injection at 130 °C, markedly enhancing the low temperature SCR impact. It is shown that these capabilities collectively make EHM a promising pathway for meeting ultra-stringent NOx targets including California 2027 (0.02 gr/hp.hr). Via rapidly heating the SCR catalyst during cold-start, EHM enables substantially lowering the cold-phase NOx. For instance, it is shown this lowers the cold FTP and cold WHTC NOx emission by 2 – 2.5 fold and in Low-Load Cycle by 22-fold.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">EHM also allows DEF injection in low exhaust temperatures such as in 70 - 80 °C, for instance for rapidly filling the SCR catalyst with ammonia, if needed.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Unlike adding other exhaust flow heating devices where an additional component is ultimately integrated in the aftertreatment architecture, EHM is a mixer, already present in emission control systems. These flexibilities, along with its lower cost and ease in fitting, make EHM an enabling pathway for Diesel emission control systems meeting very low NOx regulations.</div></div>

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New Generation Diesel Particulate Filter for Future Euro7 Regulation

Nakagoshi¹,

Tanaka²,

Furuta³

et al. 2023

SAE Technical Paper Series

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) are becoming mandatory for many Heavy Duty Vehicle (HDV) and Non Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) applications as the requirement for particulate filtration performance has increased over this past decade. In a previous study, a new generation of cordierite DPF was developed to meet the latest major emission regulations; PN-PEMS requirement for EuroVI StepE, while maintaining a lower pressure drop and high ash capacity. Despite the improvements made in the latest generation DPF material, the introduction of tighter particulate regulations demands further improvement in DPF technology. More specifically, PN emission limits for Euro7 under wide operation conditions in conjunction with PN down to 10nm, as described in the proposal from Consortium for Ultra Low Vehicle Emission (CLOVE), requires further improvement in PN filtration performance. Pressure drop, which may negatively influence the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, remains a key performance criteria. The DPF must also have high ash capacity per unit volume to ensure there is enough packaging space for the light off SCR, which is likely going to be essential in managing the severe NOx emissions limits. Furthermore, there is also the chance that other regions such as China and India may choose to adopt these stringent European regulations in an effort to achieve better air quality. To fulfill Euro7 requirement, DPF technologies will need to improve PN emission by more than one order of magnitude while sustaining equal or lower pressure drop and equal or higher ash capacity. This paper investigates the development of new generation Cordierite DPF, whose material concept was optimized to minimize both large and small pores to achieve a good balance between the trade-off performance of PN filtration and pressure drop. Both laboratory and engine bench tests were carried out to compare the performance of this state-of-the-art technology with the performance of the conventional material. The results are presented relative to the assumed Euro7 PN boundary conditions.</div></div>

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Next Generation Diesel Particulate Filter

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Modeling of diesel particulate filter temperature dynamics during exotherm using neural networks

Modeling of diesel particulate filter temperature dynamics during exotherm using neural networks

A Multi-Function, Heated Mixer for Rapid Heat-up, Low-Temperature Ammonia Demand, Deposit Prevention and to Meet Ultra-Low NOx Regulations

New Generation Diesel Particulate Filter for Future Euro7 Regulation

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