Next generation access networks: PIEMAN and beyond

Smolorz, Sylvia; Rohde, Harald; Ossieur, Peter; Antony, Cleitus; Townsend, Paul D.; Ridder, Tine De; Baekelandt, Bart; Qiu, Xing-Zhi; Appathurai, S.; Krimmel, H.; Smith, Denise M.; Poustie, A.

doi:10.1109/ps.2009.5307778

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Amplified super-PONs were initially proposed to replicate broadcast signals for a very large number of customers [6]. More recently, bidirectional time-wavelength division multiplexed (TWDM) super-PONs have been proposed as a potential method of centralizing the switching elements to a central location and leaving only optical amplifiers and passive optical components at the remote CO locations [7]- [13]. Most of these have limited the optical distribution network (ODN) to exclusively use power splitters to offer maximum operational flexibility as it allows all users to access all wavelengths [7]- [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Reach Wavelength-Routed TWDM PON: Technology and Deployment

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We present a long-reach wavelength-routed timewavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) passive optical network (PON) architecture (LRWR-PON) and its commercial implementation, which supports up to 768 users per fiber strand and up to 50-km transmission distance. The increased reach allows central offices to become more flexible and fewer in quantity, while the increased aggregation reduces the size and number of optical cables needed, enabling smaller trenches to be used. LRWR-PON also contains eight additional point-to-point wavelengths on each fiber to support wireless sites and/or high-speed dedicated bandwidth applications, greatly simplifying converged network designs. Multiple new optical components and modules have been developed to implement our novel architecture. These include a cyclic arrayed waveguide grating to passively aggregate and distribute access wavelengths in the field, an integrated optical amplifier and multiplexer combination device to aggregate optical line terminal (OLT) channels and extend the system reach, several dense wavelength division multiplexing OLT optics, and a colorless TWDM optical network terminal employing low-cost tunable burst-mode lasers. Our analysis shows the simplification of the civil construction enabled by LRWR-PON greatly outweighs the increased optical component complexity. To date, we have conducted a successful field trial with 606 real-life customers for more than 15 months and we have been rolling out LRWR-PON in Google Fiber markets for production services.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Reach Wavelength-Routed TWDM PON: Technology and Deployment

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…In particular, many studies have proposed a network upgrade based on increased number of channels or wavelengths by using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) techniques [4][5][6][7] and/or by combining WDM and time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques [8][9][10][11]. In most of the cases, the architecture has two levels of remote nodes (RNs) where power or wavelength splitters can be positioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Scheme for WDM-Based Transmission Technology Selection in Future Passive Optical Networks

Andrade¹,

Tornatore²,

Pattavina³

2013

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Future passive optical networks (PONs) are expected to support much larger capacity and much wider coverage. How to jointly address these two design requirements represents one of the most challenging aspects in today's research on PONs. So far, most research efforts have been devoted to devising new architectural or technological solutions to support such stringent requirements. In particular, the technology to be used for transmission may have diverse multiplexing techniques, types of transceivers, modulation formats, and detection techniques. However, the question of which transmission technology is the most effective considering the trade-offs in terms of complexity, offered capacity, and reach is still open. In this paper, we aim at answering this question comparing the use of time division multiplexing (TDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and hybrid TDM/WDM techniques in PONs. To achieve this goal, we first categorize the main options for transmission technologies in PONs in three families: colored dense WDM (DWDM), tunable DWDM, and colorless DWDM. Then, we propose a new optimization scheme that selects the optimal transmission technology for different operational scenarios that are defined by varying the number of users, the distance to the users, and the traffic load. The choice of the passive optical components to be used at the remote node is also part of the optimization scheme given its significant impact on the choice of the transmission technology. As a result, we report and discuss which transmission technologies are the most suitable under different operational scenarios.

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“…Moreover, for point-to-multipoint PONs, there is a desire to increase the reach as well as the amount of users serviceable from a single central office. Indeed, a passive splitting ratio of 1000 has been proposed for future PONs [1], a number unreachable by present PON technology without the introduction of e.g erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) in the field; a solution which would be problematic in the access networks due to complexity and power consumption issues. Moreover, an EDFA/DCF based architecture does not lend itself well to single-fiber bidirectional transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%