“…To assess the efficacy of the chosen method, we should observe its effect on adjacent tissue ( Ritaccio et al, 2018 ). Concerning speech tests, positive effects are expressed, for example, by anomalies in figure identification, speech arrest, aphasia, dysphasia, reverberation, and phonetic, phonemic or semantic paraphasia ( Bello et al, 2014 , Benzagmout et al, 2007 , Chang et al, 2015 , Duffau, 2011 , Duffau, 2015 , Hamer et al, 2012 , Mandonnet et al, 2017 , Mathias et al, 2016 , Ojemann and Whitaker, 1978 , Picht et al, 2013 , Riva et al, 2015 ). The effect ceases when the electrical stimulus is stopped.…”