“…To further enhance the production of light olefins, various special FCC processes, sharing common characteristics of high reaction severity and application of olefin-selective catalyst, have been developed and applied to commercial plants, such as KBR’s MAXOFIN, , UOP’s PetroFCC, ExxonMobil’s dual-riser process, Shell’s MILOS, ABB Lummus’s SCC, Neste Oy’s NExCC, Saudi Aramco’s HS-FCC, Sinopec’s deep catalytic cracking (DCC), , catalytic pyrolysis process (CPP), heavy-oil contact cracking (HCC), and FDFCC, as well as the two-stage riser catalytic cracking process for maximizing propylene yield (TMP) ,− developed by our research group. In general, these processes can be classified into two categories: one group treats fresh feedstock and recycled gasoline in a single riser, including PetroFCC, DCC, CPP, HCC, etc.…”