NEXAFS Study of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Functionalization with Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Chains

Babaa, Moulay-Rachid; Bantigniès, Jean-Louis; Alvarez, Laurent; Parent, P.; Normand, F. Le; Gulas, Michal; Mane, Jeannot Mane; Poncharal, Philippe; Doyle, Brian

doi:10.1166/jnn.2007.816

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, these NEXAFS results show the presence of carboxylic acid groups after oxidation at the surface of the tube. Similar peaks were observed in the case of CNTs treated with strong acid baths and related to the presence carbonyl functionalities [46,48] in agreement with infrared experiments [51,52]. Fig.…”

Section: Iv11 Nexafssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Spectroscopic study of double-walled carbon nanotube functionalization for preparation of carbon nanotube / epoxy composites

León

Parret

Robert

et al. 2012

Carbon

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A spectroscopic study of the amino functionalization of double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) is performed. Original experimental investigations by near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy at the C and O K-edges allow one to follow the efficiency of the chemistry during the different steps of covalent functionalization. Combined with Raman spectroscopy, the characterization gives a direct evidence of the grafting of amino-terminated molecules on the structural defects of the DWCNT external wall, whereas the internal wall does not undergo any change. Structural and mechanical investigation of the amino functionalized DWCNT / epoxy composites show coupling between epoxy molecules and the DWCNTs. Functionalization improves the interface between aminofunctionalized DWCNT and the epoxy molecules. The electrical transport measurements indicate a percolating network formed only by inner metallic tubes of the DWCNTs. The activation energy of the barriers between connected metallic tubes is determined around 20 meV.

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Section: Iv11 Nexafssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Then amino groups are grafted using hexane diamine (HDA) and EDC as coupling agent (Fig. 1) following a method described elsewhere [46]. Carboxylic groups are generated at the surface of nanotubes through HNO 3 treatment, to create oxidized DWCNTs (OX-DWCNT) [47].…”

Section: Ii2 Functionalization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic study of double-walled carbon nanotube functionalization for preparation of carbon nanotube / epoxy composites

León

Parret

Robert

et al. 2012

Carbon

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“…Few other techniques have been used to more deeply study the mutual alignment of CNTs, such as X-Ray diffraction (XRD) [7] [8], but the information provided by the intensity of the (002) pattern is not very sensitive to the vertical alignment and the local order, or Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) [6], but the information is indirectly extracted through a complex analytic procedure. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) recorded on the carbon K-edge is a powerful tool to provide chemicallyselective information on the local environment around carbon in solid materials, like CVD diamond [9]- [14], amorphous carbon nitride [15]- [19], amorphous graphitic carbon [20] [21] and CNTs [22]- [26], but the technique is also suitable to probe the adsorption of functional organic molecules with information both on the distance and the orientation of the bond [27] [28]. This property is due to the angular dependence of the absorption transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment of Vertically Grown Carbon Nanostructures Studied by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Mane¹,

Normand²,

Medjo³

et al. 2014

MSA

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X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) on the carbon K edge of carbon nanostructures (nanotubes, nanofibers, nanowalls) is reported here. They are grown on plain SiO2 (8 nm thick)/Si(100) substrates by a Plasma and Hot Filaments-enhanced Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition (PE HF CCVD) process. The morphology and the nature of these carbon nanostructures are characterized by SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. According to conditions of catalyst preparation and DC HF CCVD process, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon nanowalls (CNWs), carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with different orientation of the graphene plans or shells can be prepared. From the angular dependence of the incident light and geometrical morphology of the nanostructures, wide variations of the C K-edge intensity of the transitions to the empty * π and * σ states occur. A full lineshape analysis of the XAS spectra has been carried out using a home-made software, allowing estimating the relative proportion of * π and * σ transitions. A geometrical model of the angular dependence with the incidence angle of the light and the morphology of the carbon nanostructures is derived. With normalization to the HOPG (Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite graphite) reference case, a degree of alignment can be extracted which is representative of the localized orientation of the graphitic carbon π bonds, accounting not only for the overall orientation, but also for local defects like impurities incorporation, structural defects ... This degree of alignment shows good agreement with SEM observations. Thus CNTs films display degrees J. M. Mane et al. 967 of alignment around 50%, depending on the occurrence of defects in the course of the growth, whereas no special alignment can be detected with CNFs and CNPs, and a weak one (about 20%) is detected on CNWs.

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“…The first one is a functionalization of polymers at the surface of the tubes. 9 This method has the advantage of producing strong interactions between the two species. On the other hand, it modifies the physical properties of the nanotubes by creating defects on its surface.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge Transfer Evidence between Carbon Nanotubes and Encapsulated Conjugated Oligomers

et al. 2011

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International audienceA hybrid system consisting of quaterthiophene derivative inserted into carbon nanotubes is studied. Encapsulation efficiency of the conjugated oligomers in the hollow core of nanotubes is investigated by transmission electron microscopy and spatial-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy showed evidence of a significant positive charge transfer on the inserted oligothiophene. Raman spectra display different behaviors depending on the excitation energy and correlated to the quaterthiophene optical absorption energy. At high excitation wavelength (far from the oligomer resonance), radial breathing modes exhibit a significant upshift consistent with an encapsulation effect. At low excitation wavelength (close to the oligomer resonance), both the G-band shift and the low-frequency modes vanishing suggest a significant charge transfer between the quaterthiophene and the nanotube

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NEXAFS Study of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Functionalization with Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Chains

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Spectroscopic study of double-walled carbon nanotube functionalization for preparation of carbon nanotube / epoxy composites

Spectroscopic study of double-walled carbon nanotube functionalization for preparation of carbon nanotube / epoxy composites

Alignment of Vertically Grown Carbon Nanostructures Studied by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Charge Transfer Evidence between Carbon Nanotubes and Encapsulated Conjugated Oligomers

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