NEXAFS spectromicroscopy of polymers: overview and quantitative analysis of polyurethane polymers

Urquhart, Stephen G.; Hitchcock, Adam P.; Smith, A. P.; Ade, Harald; Lidy, W.; Rightor, E. G.; Mitchell, G. E.

doi:10.1016/s0368-2048(99)00043-2

Cited by 100 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is unlikely that the category 3 particles are derived from the LL 5 to 6 chondrite-like asteroid, since the C-XANES spectra show a lack of 1 s-σ* excitons at 291.6 eV corresponding to a highly conjugated sp 2 carbon, which are generally characterized from thermally metamorphosed type 3+ chondrites (Cody et al 2008b). In contrast, the spectral pattern was distinct from those of the synthesized polymers (e.g., Ade et al 1992;Urquhart et al 1999) and biological polymers (e.g., Hitchcock et al 2005), which are composed of specific molecular moieties. However, it is quite possible that the degradation of synthesized and biological polymers could convert their well-organized functional group structures into more heterogeneous macromolecules.…”

Section: Approach To Identify Category 3 Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…If this is the case, then the spectrum of RA-R1 may show the best vestiges of the original source material, since a sharp and high peak of aromatic carbon is a typical feature of various polymers (e.g., Ade et al 1992;Urquhart et al 1999).…”

Section: Approach To Identify Category 3 Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analytical technique was originally developed for polymer materials science (e.g. ; Ade et al 1992;Urquhart et al 1999), but it has been applied to a broad range of research areas. In cosmochemistry, STXM has been applied for organic chemical analyses of interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) (Flynn et al 2003(Flynn et al , 2013Busemann et al 2009), particles from Comet Wild 2 (Sanford et al 2006;Cody et al 2008a;De Gregorio et al 2010), acid-insoluble organic solids from chondritic meteorites (Cody et al 2008b, Cody et al 2011, and an Antarctic ultracarbonaceous micrometeorite (Yabuta et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopic study of Hayabusa category 3 carbonaceous particles

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analyses with a scanning transmission x-ray microscope (STXM) using x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy were applied for the molecular characterization of two kinds of carbonaceous particles of unknown origin, termed category 3, which were collected from the Hayabusa spacecraft sample catcher. Carbon-XANES spectra of the category 3 particles displayed typical spectral patterns of heterogeneous organic macromolecules; peaks corresponding to aromatic/olefinic carbon, heterocyclic nitrogen and/or nitrile, and carboxyl carbon were all detected. Nitrogen-XANES spectra of the particles showed the presence of N-functional groups such as imine, nitrile, aromatic nitrogen, amide, pyrrole, and amine. An oxygen-XANES spectrum of one of the particles showed a ketone group. Differences in carbon-and nitrogen-XANES spectra of the category 3 particles before and after transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations were observed, which demonstrates that the carbonaceous materials are electron beam sensitive. Calcium-XANES spectroscopy and elemental contrast mapping identified a calcium carbonate grain from one of the category 3 particles. No fluorine-containing molecular species were detected in fluorine-XANES spectra of the particles. The organic macromolecular features of the category 3 particles were distinct from commercial and/or biological 'fresh (non-degraded)' polymers, but the category 3 molecular features could possibly reflect degradation of contaminant polymer materials or polymer materials used on the Hayabusa spacecraft. However, an extraterrestrial origin for these materials cannot currently be ruled out.

show abstract

Section: Approach To Identify Category 3 Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Approach To Identify Category 3 Carbonaceous Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopic study of Hayabusa category 3 carbonaceous particles

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have also shown that near-edge measurements of the phase signal provide new information that complements and supplements that available from near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements. NEXAFS imaging in the X-ray microscope has become a vital tool for the study and chemical characterization of nanoscale materials 28,29 , but hitherto the use of near-edge phase information has mostly relied on resonant soft X-ray reflectivity measurements 30 . Another promising approach involves the combination of multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction with soft X-ray holography 31 , but this method requires a priori knowledge of the optical constants as a function of wavelength to provide high-resolution reconstructions that are sensitive to the elemental, chemical and magnetic state at the nanoscale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft X-ray spectromicroscopy using ptychography with randomly phased illumination

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ptychography is a form of scanning diffractive imaging that can successfully retrieve the modulus and phase of both the sample transmission function and the illuminating probe. An experimental difficulty commonly encountered in diffractive imaging is the large dynamic range of the diffraction data. Here we report a novel ptychographic experiment using a randomly phased X-ray probe to considerably reduce the dynamic range of the recorded diffraction patterns. Images can be reconstructed reliably and robustly from this setup, even when scatter from the specimen is weak. A series of ptychographic reconstructions at X-ray energies around the L absorption edge of iron demonstrates the advantages of this method for soft X-ray spectromicroscopy, which can readily provide chemical sensitivity without the need for optical refocusing. In particular, the phase signal is in perfect registration with the modulus signal and provides complementary information that can be more sensitive to changes in the local chemical environment.

show abstract

“…These results, combined with quantum computational studies, provide a fundamental understanding of the spectra and thus allow us to better interpret changes in the inner-shell spectra of the materials in actual applications. This approach, in which the spectral contributions from various bonds and/or functional groups are combined to interpret more complicated spectra, 7 has been used previously in applications of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and spectromicroscopy to other complex systems such as polyurethanes [8][9][10][11][12] and biofilms. 13 In this work, we have used gas-phase inner-shell electron energy loss spectroscopy (ISEELS) to measure the spectra of trimethylethoxysilane (1), vinyltriethoxysilane (2), and vinyltriacetoxysilane (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner-Shell Excitation Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoemission Electron Microscopy of Adhesion Promoters

Tulumello¹,

Cooper²,

Koprinarov³

et al. 2005

J. Phys. Chem. B

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The C 1s, Si 2p, Si 2s, and O 1s inner-shell excitation spectra of vinyltriethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, and vinyltriacetoxysilane have been recorded by electron energy loss spectroscopy under scattering conditions dominated by electric dipole transitions. The spectra are converted to absolute optical oscillator strength scales and interpreted with the aid of ab initio calculations of the inner-shell excitation spectra of model compounds. Electron energy loss spectra recorded in a transmission electron microscope on partly cured adhesion promoter, atomic force micrographs, and images and X-ray absorption spectra from X-ray photoemission electron microscopy of as-spun and cured vinyltriacetoxysilane-based adhesion promoter films on silicon are presented. The use of these measurements in assisting chemistry studies of adhesion promoters for electronics applications is discussed.

show abstract

NEXAFS spectromicroscopy of polymers: overview and quantitative analysis of polyurethane polymers

Cited by 100 publications

References 51 publications

X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopic study of Hayabusa category 3 carbonaceous particles

X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopic study of Hayabusa category 3 carbonaceous particles

Soft X-ray spectromicroscopy using ptychography with randomly phased illumination

Inner-Shell Excitation Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoemission Electron Microscopy of Adhesion Promoters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About