Newtonian shear viscosity of polymeric melts

Krevelen, D.W. Van; Hoftyzer, P. J.

doi:10.1002/apmc.1976.050520109

Cited by 54 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For polymers containing phenyl groups, the activation energy remains of the same order of magnitude i.e., for polycarbonate E a = 85 kJ mol −1 . Contrarily, for polymers with flexible chains, like polyethylene, polybutadiene, and polyesters, low values of E a (about 25 kJ mol −1 ) are reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Polymers viscosity behavior tends to a constant value for low shear-rate. 20 Several models were used to determine h 0 : Carreau-Yasuda model was used to fit dynamic viscosity of technical thermoplastic like low-density polyethylene, 21 highdensity polyethylene, 22 or particles filled polymer. 11,16,23 Cross model has been already used for PEEK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shear viscosity was classically followed to extract zero shear‐rate viscosity. Polymers viscosity behavior tends to a constant value for low shear‐rate . Several models were used to determine η 0 : Carreau–Yasuda model was used to fit dynamic viscosity of technical thermoplastic like low‐density polyethylene, high‐density polyethylene, or particles filled polymer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic rheological behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone) from solid state to melt state

Coulson

Cortes

Dantras

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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High performance thermoplastic poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) polymers with various meta phenyl links ratio were investigated by dynamical mechanical analysis. Analyses were carried out in a wide range of temperature from solid state (torsion rectangular mode) to the melt state (torsion parallel plates mode) as function of thermal history and environmental conditions. In the solid state, this study was focused on the secondary relaxations in the vitreous state. A complementary investigation conducted with different poly(aryl ether ketones) allowed us to propose a molecular interpretation of PEKK sub‐vitreous relaxations. In the molten state, storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″), storage viscosity (η′), and loss viscosity (η″) were studied to determine zero shear‐rate viscosity (η0) and thermal activation energy Ea. Master curves were built and the shift factor aT was determined. Thermal activation energies were extracted from an Arrhenius model on the shift factor temperature's dependency. Finally, Ea and η0 were determined thanks to the dynamic viscosity fit with Cross model and Cole–Cole representation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46456.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic rheological behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone) from solid state to melt state

Coulson

Cortes

Dantras

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The viscosities for many polymers (solutions and melts) are well known (1, [58][59][60][61]. The increase in?…”

Section: Thermal Phenomena In Polymer Flow Features Of Dissipative Hementioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐isothermal phenomena in polymer engineering and science: A review. Part II: Non‐isothermal phenomena in polymer deformation

Столин

Merzhanov

Malkin³

1979

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Perouskii p r . , 35 MOSCOW E-112, U . S . S . R .Thermal phenomena in deformation of solids and flows are reviewed. Regularities common to all these phenomena as well as their characteristic features and consequences important for science and engineering are reported. The analogy between thermal phenomena in polymer mechanics and in chemical reaction is noted. NON-ISOTHERMAL DEFORMATION OF SOLID POLYMERSwhere c0 and uo are strain and stress amplitudes, respectively, with frequency w , 6 is the material characteristic which may be called the angle of mechanical loss. It is characteristic that 6 depends on temperature and frequency, the change of 6 in certain ranges of these parameters being sharp. On passing a region of relaxation (glass transition being the most important) the storage modulus drastically dccreases while mechanical losses are on the increase. A marked change in mechanical properties and, consequently in 6, is also observed at phase transition, if the temperature increase at deformation produces a similar transition.As d 2~ oscillations are performed per unit time the energyA generated per unit time in cyclic deformation is expressed by:where G" characterizes the mechanical properties of viscoelastic bodies and is termed a loss modulus. Data on 6 and G" for various polymers are numerous in the literatnre (see, for example, Ref. 1). It is important to point out thLat G" > 0, i.e., the process ofdeformation is always dissipative.Equations I and 2 are useful for both solid and rubbery substances. The temperature growth here, as in all processes considered, is controlled by heat transfer. The polymer constants for heat generation intensities essentially display a temperature dependence, at least on attaining certain temperatures. This mechanical phenomenon (2-5) is therefore analogous to an exothermal chemical reaction, the analogy extending to the presence of similar critical effects: a thermal explosion in chemical reactions appears analogous to the temperature runawa.y in cyclic deformation which leads to polymer degradation or its inability to resist distortion. In cyclic deformation, various regimes of change in the polymer temperature are possible (2, 6). When heat transfer is sufficiently intensive and the level of operating stresses is limited, heating leads to an equilibrium temperature which depends on the stress amplitude (7).A similar "steady" case, convenient in practice, is a mechanical analogue to an exothermal reaction whose kinetics differ greatly from that of the "thermal explosion" regime. It is reminiscent of a polymerization reaction with relatively weak thermal effects. The analogy is also traced in the termination of the process: (i) the reaction cornes to an end because the reactants are exhausted and (ii) polymer destruction follows.

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“…At very high heating rate (as those that may be attained by laser heating) the time for vaporization and thus the mass of material which is vaporized within heterogeneous nuclei (suggested to be ≥ 1μs) will be insignificant; therefore, the achievement of high superheating close to the spinodal line may be possible. This possibility, in relation with laser damage of metals was first advanced by Martynyuk [43] but little attention was given to it. The last years [44,45], through the parallel contribution of molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamic considerations it has been suggested that the explosive boiling mechanism may be feasible in laser irradiation of molecular solids.…”

Section: Explosive Boilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Εξέταση Μηχανισμών Κατά Την UV Φωτοαποδόμηση Πολυμερών

Μπούνος¹

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Οι ευχαριστίες στα πλαίσια μίας διδακτορικής διατριβής δεν είναι αποτέλεσμα της συναισθηματικής φόρτισης που νιώθουμε στην ολοκλήρωση μιας τέτοιας εργασίας.Η ύπαρξή τους προϋπήρχε όλα αυτά τα χρόνια καθημερινά. Εκφράζω τη βαθύτατη ευγνωμοσύνη και το μεγαλύτερο μέρος των ευχαριστιών μου στον υπεύθυνο της παρούσας διατριβής Δρ. Σ. Γεωργίου, Ερευνητή Α, για την καθοδήγησή και την άμεση υποστήριξή του. Η συμβολή του υπήρξε καθοριστική και πολύτιμη στην ολοκλήρωση της Διατριβής και την ανάπτυξη της επιστημονικής μου προσωπικότητας. Ευχαριστώ το Διευθυντή του Ινστιτούτου Ηλεκτρονικής Δομής και Λέιζερ και καθηγητή τoυ τμήματος Φυσικής κ. Κ. Φωτάκη, που μου έδωσε την ευκαιρία να πραγματοποιήσω αυτή τη διατριβή στο χώρο του Ινστιτούτου. Θα ήθελα επίσης να ευχαριστήσω το Ινστιτούτο Ηλεκτρονικής Δομής και Λέιζερ για την υλικοτεχνική του υποδομή και την οικονομική υποστήριξη που μου παρείχε κατά τη διάρκεια των σπουδών μου. Σημαντική στην ολοκλήρωση αυτής της διατριβής υπήρξε η συνεργασία με την Δρ. M. Castijello, όπως και τη Δρ. E. Rebollar από το Ινστιτούτο "Rocasolano" στη Μαδρίτη και το Δρ. N. Bityurin από την Ακαδημία Επιστημών στη Ρωσία. Ιδιαίτερα ευχαριστώ άμεσους συνεργάτες και φίλους, την Ο. Κοκκινάκη και τον Α. Σελίμη, για την άψογη συνεργασία στο χώρο του εργαστηρίου. Επίσης ένα μεγάλο ευχαριστώ στον Δρ. Άγγλο, Ερευνητή Β, για τις χρήσιμες συζητήσεις και τις επιστημονικές συμβουλές. Ευχαριστώ την επταμελή που δέχτηκε να κρίνει αυτή τη διατριβή. Επιπλέον ένα μεγάλο ευχαριστώ στους καθηγητές μου στο Μεταπτυχιακό Πρόγραμμα Μικροηλεκτρονικής-Οπτοηλεκτρονικής. Τέλος θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω το τεχνικό προσωπικό του Ινστιτούτου Ηλεκτρονικής Δομής και Λέιζερ για την υποστήριξη των πειραμάτων μου. Οι περισσότερες ευχαριστίες μου είναι για αυτούς που δεν κατάλαβαν και πολλά, αλλά προσέφεραν σχεδόν τα πάντα. Και δεν είναι άλλοι από την οικογένειά μου, Κωνσταντίνο Μπούνο, Ζωή Μπούνου, Νίκο Μπούνο που σε όλα αυτά τα χρόνια των σπουδών μου έδειξαν αμέριστη κατανόηση και υπομονή.

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Newtonian shear viscosity of polymeric melts

Cited by 54 publications

References 19 publications

Dynamic rheological behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone) from solid state to melt state

Dynamic rheological behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone) from solid state to melt state

Non‐isothermal phenomena in polymer engineering and science: A review. Part II: Non‐isothermal phenomena in polymer deformation

Εξέταση Μηχανισμών Κατά Την UV Φωτοαποδόμηση Πολυμερών

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