Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Viscosity of Waxy Crude Oils and Condensates: A Noncompositional Model

Ghanaei, Ehsan

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04288

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…The apparent viscosity vs shear rate of PVA pellets with different water contents at 150 °C is shown in Figure . With the increase of shear rate, the apparent viscosity of all samples consistently decreased in an almost linear fashion, suggesting that the melt of PVA pellets exhibited the characteristic shear thinning behavior of the pseudoplastic fluid . More water in the PVA matrix led to a decrease in apparent viscosity, indicating that PVA with higher water content encountered less resistance during extrusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…With the increase of shear rate, the apparent viscosity of all samples consistently decreased in an almost linear fashion, suggesting that the melt of PVA pellets exhibited the characteristic shear thinning behavior of the pseudoplastic fluid. 50 More water in the PVA matrix led to a decrease in apparent viscosity, indicating that PVA with higher water content encountered less resistance during extrusion. It is worth noting that as the water content increased, the slope of the curve became flatter, displaying the lower sensitivity of the melt with more water to the shear rate.…”

Section: Thermal Analysis Of Pva Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Preparation of High-Performance Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Film by Combining Gel-Like Extrusion and Biaxial Stretching

Zeng,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), which has the lowest oxygen permeability among various commercial polymers, shows great potential in high-barrier packaging applications. However, the difficulty in thermal processing of PVA inhibits its use in barrier packaging because the mainstream technique for producing PVA film, i.e., solution casting, has the disadvantages of low production efficiency, long production cycle, and high operating costs. Herein, inspired by the gel spinning of PVA fibers, a moderate amount of water was utilized to achieve the gel-like extrusion of PVA, followed by biaxial stretching, to produce high-performance PVA films. The introduced water disrupted the intra-and intermacromolecular interactions in PVA and formed new hydrogen bonds with PVA molecules. As the water content increased, the proportion of nonfreezable bound water decreased and the percentage of freezable bound water increased, leading to a decrease in the melting point and glass transition temperature and an increase in the melt flowability of PVA. The extruded PVA containing 40% water exhibited an elongation at break of 504.9%, implying good stretchability. After biaxial stretching, the film strength and modulus reached 111.0 MPa and 5.4 GPa, respectively, attributed to the formed highly ordered lamellar structures and greatly improved crystallinity. More importantly, the generated well-ordered crystals provided physical barriers to block oxygen gas permeation, endowing the film with an ultralow oxygen permeability coefficient of 1.89 × 10 −18 cm 3 •cm/(cm 2 •s•Pa) and a high barrier improvement factor of 68.3, compared to commercial PET films. This high-strength and high-barrier PVA film is expected to be widely used in the packaging of food, tobacco, electronic products, textiles, and other items.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Thermal Analysis Of Pva Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Preparation of High-Performance Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Film by Combining Gel-Like Extrusion and Biaxial Stretching

Zeng,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In order to analyze the rheological mechanism of waxy crude oil emulsion comprehensively, numerous scholars have conducted investigations on various conditions including viscosity temperature, 2 thixotropic properties, 3 yield stress, 4 and viscoelastic characteristics. 5 It has been observed that these properties are closely associated with shear rate, 6,7 shear time, 8 water content, 9,10 temperature, 11–15 as well as colloids and asphaltene content. 16,17 With the continuous advancement of research and technological innovation, a growing number of researchers have redirected their focus towards investigating the evolutionary process of microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on microstructure evolution of waxy crude oil emulsions under dynamic cooling conditions

Dong,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

RSC Adv.

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Effect of Pressure and Temperature Variation on Wax Precipitation in the Wellbore of Ultradeep Gas Condensate Reservoirs

Zhang,

Gu,

Cao

et al. 2023

SPE Journal

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Summary To investigate the wax precipitation mechanism of condensate in a wellbore during the ultradeep gas condensate reservoir development, condensate samples were prepared in this work. Changes in the temperature and pressure of fluid flow in the wellbore are simulated by a high-temperature and high-pressure pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) system. This simulation explores their influences on the wax precipitation of the condensate produced from the target reservoir. The results show that the temperature decrease weakens the wax molecular movement activity and promotes the precipitation of wax, resulting in the expansion of the pressure range in which wax precipitation occurs in the system. Meanwhile, decreasing the pressure promotes wax aggregation by increasing van der Waals forces between wax molecules, thereby increasing the wax precipitation rate. At different temperatures, the wax precipitate amount first increases and then decreases with decreasing pressure, which is determined by the wax solubility and remaining content in the system. Since the solubility of a low carbon number component is more sensitive to temperature and pressure changes than that of a high carbon number component, in the early stages of experimental temperature and pressure decreases, the precipitation of coarse crystalline wax with carbon numbers ranging from C16 to C30 is more active than that of microcrystalline wax with carbon numbers exceeding C30. The remaining amount of the former component in the system decreases rapidly, and its precipitation capacity weakens, thus increasing the amount of the latter component in the precipitated wax during the later stage of experiments; this trend corresponds to the shift of the curve peak of the wax carbon number distribution to an abscissa interval with the relatively high carbon numbers. This work can provide reference data for the prediction of the well depth at which the wax precipitation occurs and the wax composition, aiming to promote the implementation of wellbore wax blockage prevention programs.

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Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Viscosity of Waxy Crude Oils and Condensates: A Noncompositional Model

Cited by 4 publications

References 72 publications

Green Preparation of High-Performance Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Film by Combining Gel-Like Extrusion and Biaxial Stretching

Green Preparation of High-Performance Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Film by Combining Gel-Like Extrusion and Biaxial Stretching

Study on microstructure evolution of waxy crude oil emulsions under dynamic cooling conditions

Effect of Pressure and Temperature Variation on Wax Precipitation in the Wellbore of Ultradeep Gas Condensate Reservoirs

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