Newton’s Law of Viscosity, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

George, Herman F.; Qureshi, Farrukh

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_143

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…produced by voltage supply of 6 V -9 V pair and 9 V -12 V pair in Table 1) revealed two different ΔP values of 3.53 Pa and 4.76 Pa. This inconsistency may possibly be explained by the different shear rate produced by the applied voltage, supported by the fact that water is a Newtonian fluid, which viscosity is independent of shear rate [33]. Here an increase in voltage supply, and hence medium pressure, promotes higher shear rate and encourages fluid flow velocity [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Piezoelectric Photoacoustic System for Fluid Flow Monitoring

Chua¹,

Huong²

2020

IJIE

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The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using a laboratory assembled piezoelectric based photoacoustic (PA) system for noncontact monitoring fluid flow. This is to overcome the drawbacks of some existing fluid flow detection systems, which include expensive equipment and their maintenance cost, limited sensitivity and specificity in detecting signals from restricted regions or at low flow velocity. The produced PA signal waves detected by a piezoelectric transducer used in this study was processed to determine the required phase value (Ф), which value was found to correlate linearly with fluid flow status. The fluid pressure difference of 1.16 pascals (Pa) and 11.90 Pa applied to the developed mock circulatory system was observed to produce changes in phase value with mean ± standard deviation (SD) ΔФ of 0.79 ± 0.07 rad and 2.17 ± 0.07 rad, respectively, suggesting a linear response of the developed system with changes in circulation system. This trend was supported with the relatively low absolute difference of 0.07 ± 0.01 rad in the predicted values as compared to that of the ground truth. This work concluded that the capabilities and simplicity of the proposed PA system renders it feasible for cost effective, non-destructive assessment of fluid flow in future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Piezoelectric Photoacoustic System for Fluid Flow Monitoring

Chua¹,

Huong²

2020

IJIE

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“…The velocity of sheath gas is larger than that of charged jet v gas > v jet , which provides an additional stretching force F s on the charged jet. The frictional resistance F fr between sheath gas and charged jet is written as:

F_{s} \approx F_{fr} = {λv}_{r} \cdot 2 italicπr \cdot v_{jet} italicΔt

Where λ is the friction coefficient on the surface between sheath gas and charged jet, which is defined by the factors of the surface roughness of jet R a , the pressure P , the density ρ , and the dynamic viscosity υ of gas around the jet. v r is the relative motion velocity between sheath gas and charged jet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diameter Of Uniform Nanofibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22] Needleless multijet electrospinning, which can avoid the clogging of nozzles, has been developed in the last decades, which improves the productivity by the fluctuation of free solution surface under high electrical field to form a large number of jets, such as tip-induced spinneret, 23 rod-induced spinneret, 24 threaded rod spinneret, 25 twisted wire spinneret, 26,27 and needle-disk spinneret. [28][29][30] However, for the above methods, the interferences between jets leads to random motion of Taylor-cones on the free solution surface and diameter variety of Taylor-cones and liquid jets during the electrospinning process. Attribute to the electrical field suppression, the high-density multiple jets cannot be stretched enough into uniform nanofibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multinozzle high efficiency electrospinning with the constraint of sheath gas

Zheng

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this article, sheath gas is introduced to design a novel multinozzle spinneret to improve the productivity of uniform nanofibers. The sheath gas in laminar flow provides an additional stretching force to overcome the mutual interferences among the nozzles, thus the simultaneous ejection of multiple jets is promoted. In addition, the sheath gas also contributes to the decrease of the diameter and the diameter distribution range of nanofibers. With the constraint of sheath gas, the productivity of nanofibers is 0.618‐0.712 g·h−1, which is about 30‐50 times as high as that from traditional electrospinning. The dynamic properties of the gas–liquid surface are investigated as well. A bead‐on‐strain model based on Maxwell theory is built up to study the motion and rheology behaviors of multiple jets, and the simulation results verify the experimental results well. The proposed method will accelerate the industrial applications of uniform electrospun nanofibrous membrane. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47574.

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“…Viscosity is defined as resistance to flow of fluid under shear stress and taken as the ratio between the shear stress and shear rate (George and Qureshi 2013). Viscosity helps prevent segregation during handling processes such as delivering, and placing for cementitious materials such as mortar or concrete (Khayat 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Grain Size of Fine Aggregates in the View of the Rheology of Mortar

Han

Kim

Lee

et al. 2017

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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The aim of this research was to investigate the validity of the Krieger-Dougherty model as a quantitative model to predict the viscosity of mortar depending on various aggregate sizes. The Krieger-Dougherty model reportedly predicted the viscosity of a suspension, which includes cement-based materials. Concrete or mortar incorporates natural resources, such as sand and gravel, referred to as aggregates, which can make up as much as 80% of the mixture by volume. Cement paste is a suspending medium at fresh state and then becomes a binder to link the aggregate after its hydration. Both the viscosity of the suspending medium and the characteristics of the aggregates, therefore, control the viscosity of the cement-based materials. In this research, various sizes and gradations of fine aggregate samples were prepared. Workability and rheological properties were measured using fresh-state mortar samples and incorporating the various-sized fine aggregates. Yield stress and viscosity measurements were obtained by using a rheometer. Based on the packing density of each fine aggregate sample, the viscosity of the mortar was predicted with the Krieger-Dougherty model. In addition, further adjustments were made to determine the water absorption of fine aggregates and was transferred from successful experiment to simulation for more accurate prediction. It was also determined that both yield stress and viscosity increase when the fine aggregate mean size decreases throughout the mix. However, when the mean size of the fine aggregates is bigger than 0.7 mm, the yield stress is not affected by the size of the fine aggregate. Additionally, if aggregate grains get smaller up to 0.3 mm, their water absorption is critical to the rheological behavior.

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Newton’s Law of Viscosity, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Piezoelectric Photoacoustic System for Fluid Flow Monitoring

Piezoelectric Photoacoustic System for Fluid Flow Monitoring

Multinozzle high efficiency electrospinning with the constraint of sheath gas

Critical Grain Size of Fine Aggregates in the View of the Rheology of Mortar

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