News about cryptochrome photoreceptors in algae

Beel, Benedikt; Müller, Nico; Kottke, Tilman; Mittag, Maria

doi:10.4161/psb.22870

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…DNA repair involves a set of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules, which is vital to the integrity of the respective genome, and thus to the normal functioning of the genome and the organism. A typical DNA repair enzyme is blue-light controlled photolyase (Beel et al, 2012). …”

Section: Protective Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desiccation stress and tolerance in green algae: consequences for ultrastructure, physiological and molecular mechanisms

Holzinger¹,

Karsten²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

228

192

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Although most green algae typically occur in aquatic ecosystems, many species also live partly or permanently under aeroterrestrial conditions, where the cells are exposed to the atmosphere and hence regularly experience dehydration. The ability of algal cells to survive in an air-dried state is termed desiccation tolerance. The mechanisms involved in desiccation tolerance of green algae are still poorly understood, and hence the aim of this review is to summarize recent findings on the effects of desiccation and osmotic water loss. Starting from structural changes, physiological, and biochemical consequences of desiccation will be addressed in different green-algal lineages. The available data clearly indicate a range of strategies, which are rather different in streptophycean and non-streptophycean green algae. While members of the Trebouxiophyceae exhibit effective water loss-prevention mechanisms based on the biosynthesis and accumulation of particular organic osmolytes such as polyols, these compounds are so far not reported in representatives of the Streptophyta. In members of the Streptophyta such as Klebsormidium, the most striking observation is the appearance of cross-walls in desiccated samples, which are strongly undulating, suggesting a high degree of mechanical flexibility. This aids in maintaining structural integrity in the dried state and allows the cell to maintain turgor pressure for a prolonged period of time during the dehydration process. Physiological strategies in aeroterrestrial green algae generally include a rapid reduction of photosynthesis during desiccation, but also a rather quick recovery after rewetting, whereas aquatic species are sensitive to drying. The underlying mechanisms such as the affected molecular components of the photosynthetic machinery are poorly understood in green algae. Therefore, modern approaches based on transcriptomics, proteomics, and/or metabolomics are urgently needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in desiccation-stress physiology of these organisms. The very limited existing information is described in the present review.

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Section: Protective Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desiccation stress and tolerance in green algae: consequences for ultrastructure, physiological and molecular mechanisms

Holzinger¹,

Karsten²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

228

192

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“…Moreover, cryptochrome photolyase family CRY can affect transcriptional activity in a heterologous clock system (e.g., mammalian CRY) and control blue-lightdependent cellular processes, as found with insect or plant CRYs (60,61). Similar to the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii animal-like CRY (aCRY), the Pum0401s0002.1 protein could sense blue light and possibly other light qualities, including red light (62,63); this redlight sensing ability stems from the formation of the neutral radical form of the photoreceptor's flavin chromophore.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the red algae and eukaryotic evolution from the genome of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)

Brawley¹,

Blouin²,

Ficko-Blean³

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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228

222

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Porphyra umbilicalis (laver) belongs to an ancient group of red algae (Bangiophyceae), is harvested for human food, and thrives in the harsh conditions of the upper intertidal zone. Here we present the 87.7-Mbp haploid Porphyra genome (65.8% G + C content, 13,125 gene loci) and elucidate traits that inform our understanding of the biology of red algae as one of the few multicellular eukaryotic lineages. Novel features of the Porphyra genome shared by other red algae relate to the cytoskeleton, calcium signaling, the cell cycle, and stress-tolerance mechanisms including photoprotection. Cytoskeletal motor proteins in Porphyra are restricted to a small set of kinesins that appear to be the only universal cytoskeletal motors within the red algae. Dynein motors are absent, and most red algae, including Porphyra, lack myosin. This surprisingly minimal cytoskeleton offers a potential explanation for why red algal cells and multicellular structures are more limited in size than in most multicellular lineages. Additional discoveries further relating to the stress tolerance of bangiophytes include ancestral enzymes for sulfation of the hydrophilic galactan-rich cell wall, evidence for mannan synthesis that originated before the divergence of green and red algae, and a high capacity for nutrient uptake. Our analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of the red algae, which are both commercially important and have played a major role in the evolution of other algal groups through secondary endosymbioses.cytoskeleton | calcium-signaling | carbohydrate-active enzymes | stress tolerance | vitamin B 12T he red algae are one of the founding groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes (Archaeplastida) and among the few multicellular lineages within Eukarya. A red algal plastid, acquired through secondary endosymbiosis, supports carbon fixation, fatty acid synthesis, and other metabolic needs in many other algal groups in ways that are consequential. For example, diatoms and haptophytes have strong biogeochemical effects; apicomplexans cause human disease (e.g., malaria); and dinoflagellates include both coral symbionts and toxin-producing "red tides" (1). The evolutionary processes that produced the Archaeplastida and secondary algal lineages remain under investigation (2-5), but it is clear that both nuclear and plastid genes from the ancestral red algae have contributed dramatically to broader eukaryotic evolution and diversity. Consequently, the imprint of red algal metabolism on the Earth's climate system, aquatic foodwebs, and

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“…Although the term "animal-like" tempts to think that the distribution of these cryptochromes is restricted to animals, (Beel et al 2012a;Coesel et al 2009;Heijde et al 2010), which calls the strict functional distinction between photolyases and cryptochromes into question. PtCPF1 was able to repair (6-4) photoproduct damages in in-vivo DNA photorepair assays and it plays a major role in blue-light-regulated gene expression (Coesel et al 2009).…”

Section: Animal-like Cryptochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%