Newly identified PcToll4 regulates antimicrobial peptide expression in intestine of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii

Huang, Ying; Li, Tingting; Jin, Min; Yin, Shaowu; Hui, Kai-Min; Ren, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2017.02.018

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…There is growing interest in research of the interplay between WSSV and many aspects of shrimp host [ 18 , 19 ], but the precise function of Toll receptors and Toll pathway related genes participating in viral infection remains to be determined. Until now, a large number of Tolls have been identified in multiple shrimps including Litopenaeus vannamei [ 20 , 21 ], Fenneropenaeus chinensis [ 22 ], Penaeus monodon [ 23 – 25 ], Marsupenaeus japonicas [ 26 ], Macrobrachium rosenbergi [ 27 ], Cherax quadricarinatus [ 28 ] and Procambarus clarkii [ 29 , 30 ]. In L .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

et al. 2018

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The function of Toll pathway defense against bacterial infection has been well established in shrimp, however how this pathway responds to viral infection is still largely unknown. In this study, we report the Toll4-Dorsal-AMPs cascade restricts the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection of shrimp. A total of nine Tolls from Litopenaeus vannamei namely Toll1-9 are identified, and RNAi screening in vivo reveals the Toll4 is important for shrimp to oppose WSSV infection. Knockdown of Toll4 results in elevated viral loads and renders shrimp more susceptible to WSSV. Furthermore, Toll4 could be a one of upstream pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to detect WSSV, and thereby leading to nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of Dorsal, the known NF-κB transcription factor of the canonical Toll pathway. More importantly, silencing of Toll4 and Dorsal contributes to impaired expression of a specific set of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as anti-LPS-factor (ALF) and lysozyme (LYZ) family, which exert potent anti-WSSV activity. Two AMPs of ALF1 and LYZ1 as representatives are demonstrated to have the ability to interact with several WSSV structural proteins to inhibit viral infection. Taken together, we therefore identify that the Toll4-Dorsal pathway mediates strong resistance to WSSV infection by inducing some specific AMPs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, several Tolls have been proved to confer antiviral immunity in other shrimps. For example, a Toll4 from P. clarkii (29) and a Toll from M. rosenbergii (31) are important for the innate immune responses against WSSV, although the exact antiviral mechanism is not elucidated. We also provide evidence indicating the key antiviral role of the canonical Toll pathway by that silencing of the core components such as MyD88, Tube, Pelle and Dorsal results in increased WSSV titers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is commonly considered to be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of the innate immune response and has been extensively studied in vertebrates and other non-vertebrate organisms including shrimps. Some shrimp Tolls are able to resist bacterial infection via regulating a wide range of AMPs expression (28, 29, 58), which inspires us to suppose that shrimp Tolls can also regulate some specific AMPs synthesis to oppose WSSV. In fact, our examinations of AMPs expression in WSSV-infected shrimp show an increase in expression of AMPs comparable to that found during a V. parahaemolyticus infection of shrimp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is growing interest in research of the interplay between WSSV and many aspects of shrimp host (18, 19), but the precise function of Toll receptors and Toll pathway related genes participating in viral infection remains to be determined. Until now, a large number of Tolls have been identified in multiple shrimps including Litopenaeus vannamei (20, 21), Fenneropenaeus chinensis (22), Penaeus monodon (23-25), Marsupenaeus japonicas (26), Macrobrachium rosenbergi (27), Cherax quadricarinatus (28) and Procambarus clarkii (29, 30). In L. vannamei , three Tolls of the Toll1, Toll2 and Toll3 are up-regulated after WSSV challenge, whereas their functions during WSSV infection are not well characterized (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In L. vannamei , three Tolls of the Toll1, Toll2 and Toll3 are up-regulated after WSSV challenge, whereas their functions during WSSV infection are not well characterized (21). Some shrimp Tolls from C. quadricarinatus, P. clarkii and M. rosenbergii have been shown to induce some AMPs expression in response to WSSV infection, which indicate these AMPs could play an antiviral role (28, 29, 31). Besides, WSSV infection can contribute to activation of many P. monodon Toll pathway genes, which suggest that the whole pathway play a crucial role in the immune response during WSSV infection (32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

Yin

Wang

et al. 2018

Preprint

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ABSTRACT：The function of Toll pathway defense against bacterial infection has been well 37 established in shrimp, however how this pathway responds to viral infection is still largely 38 unknown. In this study, we report the Toll4-Dorsal-AMPs cascade restricts the white spot 39 syndrome virus (WSSV) infection of shrimp. A total of nine Tolls from Litopenaeus 40 vannamei namely Toll1-9 are identified, and RNAi screening in vivo reveals the Toll4 is 41 important for shrimp to oppose WSSV infection. Knockdown of Toll4 results in elevated viral 42 loads and renders shrimp more susceptible to WSSV. Furthermore, Toll4 could be a one of 43 upstream pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to detect WSSV, and thereby leading to nuclear 44 translocation and phosphorylation of Dorsal, the known NF-κB transcription factor of the 45 canonical Toll pathway. More importantly, silencing of Toll4 and Dorsal contributes to 46 impaired expression of a specific set of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as 47anti-LPS-factor (ALF) and lysozyme (LYZ) family, which exert potent anti-WSSV activity. 48Two AMPs of ALF1 and LYZ1 as representatives are demonstrated to have the ability to 49 interact with several WSSV structural proteins. Taken together, we therefore identify the 50 Toll4-Dorsal pathway mediates strong resistance to WSSV infection by inducing some 51 specific AMPs. 53Author summary：The TLR pathway mediated antiviral immune response is well identified 54 in mammals, yet, Toll pathway governing this protection in invertebrates remains unknown. 55In the present study, we uncover that a shrimp Toll4 from a total of nine Tolls in L. vannamei 56 confers resistance to WSSV thought inducing the NF-κB transcription factor Dorsal to 57 inspiring the production of some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with antiviral activity. The 58 anti-LPS-factor (ALF) and lysozyme (LYZ) family are identified as the Toll4-Dorsal pathway 59 targeted genes with the ability to interact with viral structural proteins in response to WSSV 60 infection. These results suggest that the Toll receptor induces the expression of AMPs with 61 antiviral activity could be a general antiviral mechanism in invertebrates and Toll pathway 62 established antiviral defense could be conserved during evolution.63 KEYWORDS: Litopenaeus vannamei; Toll4-Dorsal pathway; Antiviral defense; WSSV; 64 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) 65 66 67Multicellular organisms have evolved the ability to protect themselves from a wide 68 variety of pathogens including virus. In invertebrates including shrimps that lacking 69 immunoglobulin-based adaptive immune system, this protection is thus provided through the 70 action of an innate immune system. The innate immune response is generally initiated via the 71 detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), some evolutionarily conserved 72 structures or motifs shared by broad classes of invading organisms, by a wide diversity of 73 host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (1). One important class of PRRs is the Toll 74 receptor superfamily, ...

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The Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factors in Crustaceans

2020

Subcellular Biochemistry

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Newly identified PcToll4 regulates antimicrobial peptide expression in intestine of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

RNAi screening identifies a new Toll from shrimp that restricts WSSV infection through activating Dorsal to induce antimicrobial peptides

The Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factors in Crustaceans

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