Newly emerging diseases of marine turtles, especially sea turtle egg fusariosis (SEFT), caused by species in the <i>Fusarium solani</i> complex (FSSC)

Gleason, Frank H.; Allerstorfer, Monika; Lilje, Osu

doi:10.1080/21501203.2019.1710303

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Specifically, most isolates corresponded to F. keratoplasticum (lineage FSSC 2), a soil-borne species globally distributed. Notably, previous studies have reported that this and other species of the FSSC constitute a real threat to sea turtle nests worldwide, especially to those subject to environmental stressors, among others, inundation and clay/silt composition of nests [ 28 , 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Sea Turtles: Fusarium keratoplasticum in Eggshells of Podocnemis unifilis, a Threatened Amazonian Freshwater Turtle

García-Martín

Sarmiento-Ramírez

Diéguez-Uribeondo

2021

JoF

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The endangered yellow-spotted river turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) has experienced a dramatic population decline in the Ecuadorian Amazonia, mainly due to overexploitation of its eggs. To reverse this trend, the Wildlife Conservation Society has developed a head-start program in Yasuní National Park since 2008, but the potential risk that microbes associated with its eggs might represent for hatching success has not been evaluated yet. Members of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are involved in egg failure in sea turtles under natural and hatchery conditions, but their role in infecting the eggs of P. unifilis is unknown. In this study, we collected eggshells of P. unifilis and obtained 50 fungal and bacterial isolates. Some potentially pathogenic fungi of the genera Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus were identified based on molecular data. Most importantly, the sea turtle pathogenic species F. keratoplasticum not only was present, but it was the most frequently found. Conversely, we have also isolated other microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas or Phoma-like species, producing a wide spectrum of antifungal compounds that may have a protective role against fungal diseases. Our survey provides useful information on potential pathogens found in P. unifilis eggshells, upon which the success of conservation programs may depend.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Sea Turtles: Fusarium keratoplasticum in Eggshells of Podocnemis unifilis, a Threatened Amazonian Freshwater Turtle

García-Martín

Sarmiento-Ramírez

Diéguez-Uribeondo

2021

JoF

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“…Fusarium infection is considered as the primary driver of declining turtle populations around the world [ 39 ]. The sea turtle egg fusariosis (STEF) is an emerging disease and is responsible for egg mortality in sea turtles around the world, where most of the cases are related to F. keratoplasticum and F. falciforme [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. During the embryonic development, the eggs spend an extensive amount of time buried under the sand in a sticky and warm consistent temperature, and it has been suggested that these conditions support the development of soil-borne fungi such as Fusarium [ 41 , 45 ].…”

Section: Fusarium and Animal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Perspective to Recognize Fusarium as Important in Clinical Practice

Sáenz

Álvarez-Moreno

Pape

et al. 2020

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Any strategy that proposes solutions to health-related problems recognizes that people, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Fusarium is an example of this interaction because it is capable of infecting plants, animals, and humans. This review provides information on various aspects of these relations and proposes how to approach fusariosis with a One Health methodology (a multidisciplinary, and multisectoral approach that can address urgent, ongoing, or potential health threats to humans, animals, and the environment). Here, we give a framework to understand infection pathogenesis, through the epidemiological triad, and explain how the broad utilization of fungicides in agriculture may play a role in the treatment of human fusariosis. We assess how plumbing systems and hospital environments might play a role as a reservoir for animal and human infections. We explain the role of antifungal resistance mechanisms in both humans and agriculture. Our review emphasizes the importance of developing interdisciplinary research studies where aquatic animals, plants, and human disease interactions can be explored through coordination and collaborative actions.

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“…They can infect plants (Coleman et al, 2009), animals (O'Donnell et al, 2016), and humans (Horn et al, 2014). Fusarium keratoplasticum and Fusarium falciforme, two terrestrial FSSC species, have caused fusariosis of endangered sea turtle eggs (Sarmiento-Ramirez et al, 2014;Gleason et al, 2020). F. keratoplasticum and Fusarium petroliphilum are the two FSSC species most frequently isolated in the clinic (Herkert et al, 2019;James et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDR Transporter ABC1 Is Involved in the Innate Azole Resistance of the Human Fungal Pathogen Fusarium keratoplasticum

et al. 2021

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Fusarium keratoplasticum is arguably the most common Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) species associated with human infections. Invasive fusariosis is a life-threatening fungal infection that is difficult to treat with conventional azole antifungals. Azole drug resistance is often caused by the increased expression of pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters of the ABCG sub-family. Most investigations of Fusarium ABC transporters associated with azole antifungal drug resistance are limited to plant pathogens. Through the manual curation of the entire ABCG protein family of four FSSC species including the fully annotated genome of the plant pathogen Nectria haematococca we identified PDR transporters ABC1 and ABC2 as the efflux pump candidates most likely to be associated with the innate azole resistance phenotype of Fusarium keratoplasticum. An initial investigation of the transcriptional response of logarithmic phase F. keratoplasticum cells to 16 mg/L voriconazole confirmed strong upregulation (372-fold) of ABC1 while ABC2 mRNA levels were unaffected by voriconazole exposure over a 4 h time-period. Overexpression of F. keratoplasticum ABC1 and ABC2 in the genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae host ADΔΔ caused up to ∼1,024-fold increased resistance to a number of xenobiotics, including azole antifungals. Although ABC1 and ABC2 were only moderately (20% and 10%, respectively) expressed compared to the Candida albicans multidrug efflux pump CDR1, overexpression of F. keratoplasticum ABC1 caused even higher resistance levels to certain xenobiotics (e.g., rhodamine 6G and nigericin) than CDR1. Our investigations suggest an important role for ABC1 orthologues in the innate azole resistance phenotype of FSSC species.

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Newly emerging diseases of marine turtles, especially sea turtle egg fusariosis (SEFT), caused by species in the Fusarium solani complex (FSSC)

Cited by 41 publications

References 55 publications

Beyond Sea Turtles: Fusarium keratoplasticum in Eggshells of Podocnemis unifilis, a Threatened Amazonian Freshwater Turtle

Beyond Sea Turtles: Fusarium keratoplasticum in Eggshells of Podocnemis unifilis, a Threatened Amazonian Freshwater Turtle

A One Health Perspective to Recognize Fusarium as Important in Clinical Practice

PDR Transporter ABC1 Is Involved in the Innate Azole Resistance of the Human Fungal Pathogen Fusarium keratoplasticum

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