Newly discovered males and new records of the uncommon Neotropical genera Eutabanus Kröber and Myiotabanus Lutz (Diptera: Tabanidae)

Krolow, Tiago Kütter; Bayless, Keith M.; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3389.1.3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The generalized morphology of tabanids and the rarity of male specimens has made their taxonomy difficult. Genitalic characters do not conscribe much variation and are rarely useful at the genus or species level (but see Coscarón & Philip, and Krolow et al , ) and are sometimes useful above the genus level (for instance in Mycteromyiini; Coscarón & Papavero, ). Many species‐level character states such as colour patterns or features of the head or thorax are secondary sexual traits and can only be observed in one sex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the horse flies: a framework for renewing tabanid taxonomy

Morita

Bayless

Wiegmann

2015

Systematic Entomology

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Horse flies, family Tabanidae, are the most diverse family-level clade of bloodsucking insects, but their phylogeny has never been thoroughly explored using molecular data. Most adult female Tabanidae feed on nectar and on the blood of various mammals. Traditional horse fly classification tends towards large heterogeneous taxa, which impede much-needed taxonomic work. To guide renewed efforts in the systematics of horse flies and their relatives, we assembled a dataset of 110 exemplar species using nucleotide data from four genes -mitochondrial CO1, and nuclear 28S, CAD and AATS. All commonly recognized tribes in Tabanidae are represented, along with outgroups in Tabanomorpha. The phylogeny is reconstructed using Bayesian inference, and divergence times are estimated using Bayesian relaxed clock methods with time constraints from tabanid fossils. Our results show Athericidae strongly supported as the lineage most closely related to Tabanidae, and Pangoniinae and Tabaninae as monophyletic lineages. However, Chrysopsinae is nonmonophyletic, with strong support for both a nonmonophyletic Bouvieromyiini and for Rhinomyzini as sister to Tabaninae. Only the tribes Philolichini, Chrysopsini, Rhinomyzini and Haematopotini are recovered as monophyletic, although Scionini is monophyletic with exclusion of the peculiar genus Goniops Aldrich. Mycteromyia Philippi and Adersia Austen, two enigmatic genera sometimes placed in separate family-level groups, are recovered inside Pangoniini and Chrysopsini, respectively. Several species-rich genera are not recovered as monophyletic, including Esenbeckia Rondani, Silvius Meigen, Dasybasis Macquart and Tabanus L. Tabanidae likely originated in the Cretaceous, and all major extant groups were present by the early Palaeogene. This newly revised phylogenetic framework for Tabanidae forms the basis for a new assessment of tabanid diversification and provides context for understanding the evolution of trophic specialization in horse flies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the horse flies: a framework for renewing tabanid taxonomy

Morita

Bayless

Wiegmann

2015

Systematic Entomology

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“…As previously indicated, male horse ies are captured infrequently, particularly when employing Malaise traps (Krolow et al 2012). Consequently, it is paradoxical to observe a higher representation of 59.14% and male dominance over a span of seven months in half of the encountered species in Tiquibuzo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, despite the widespread adoption of Malaise traps, their tendency to disproportionately capture females has led to a signi cant underrepresentation of males in entomological collections, with males accounting for as little as 3.6% of the specimens (Oliveira et al 2023). Consequently, this gender bias has resulted in a notable de ciency of male specimens in both museum collections and taxonomic records (Krolow et al 2012). Remarkably, in Ecuador, over nearly ve decades since the 1970s, reports of signi cant male horse y captures using Malaise traps have been conspicuously absent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical case of pattern disruption in sex proportions of Tabanidae collections with malaise traps in ecuadorian forests

Buestan,

Vera

2024

Preprint

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Male horseflies have low capture rates in Malaise traps, a widely documented pattern observed in numerous ecological studies. We present findings from a specific locality in Ecuador where a departure from this established pattern is observed. In this locality, males accounted for 59.14% of Tabanidae captures. The disruption in capture patterns observed using Malaise traps represents an uncommon feature in the scientific literature and during collections conducted over eight years in Ecuador. Despite the inherent limitations of Malaise traps in capturing male horseflies, it is possible that under specific conditions, such as the presence of optimal aggregation areas for horseflies, Malaise traps may enhance the capture efficiency of males. Additionally, we provide a detailed discussion on the disruption and disparity in capture sex proportions in Tabanidae, commonly reported in the scientific literature. Understanding these aspects of tabanid behavior is essential due to the outbreaks and deaths associated with trypanosomiasis infections in Ecuador.

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“…Males are not hematophagous, but, like females, they visit flowers and play an important role in the pollination (Johnson 2000;Johnson & Morita 2006;Karolyi et al 2014). Unlike females, knowledge about males is still scarce, so that Tabanidae taxonomy is largely based on females (GorayeB et al 1982;coscarón 1999;Krolow et al 2012). Male Tabanidae are rarely collected in flight traps and never in equine bait, which are the main collecting methods for the family.…”

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confidence: 99%

New records, descriptions, and redescriptions of male horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Brazil

2023

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Tabanidae Latreille are hematophagous and act as mechanical and biological vectors of several pathogens, and therefore they have been widely studied in both ecology and public health, as well as in taxonomy works. Males are nectarivorous and rarely captured, so for most species they remain unknown. Thus, we aimed to describe/redescribe the males of five species: Esenbeckia osornoi Fairchild, 1942, Acanthocera marginalis Walker, 1854, Dicladocera mutata Fairchild, 1958, Stypommisa aripuana Fairchild & Wilkerson, 1986, and Tabanus mucronatus Fairchild, 1961. Three males are described for the first time and two others are redescribed, we also provide a complete description of the species, including photographs of habitus, head and genitalia.

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Newly discovered males and new records of the uncommon Neotropical genera Eutabanus Kröber and Myiotabanus Lutz (Diptera: Tabanidae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Molecular phylogeny of the horse flies: a framework for renewing tabanid taxonomy

Molecular phylogeny of the horse flies: a framework for renewing tabanid taxonomy

Atypical case of pattern disruption in sex proportions of Tabanidae collections with malaise traps in ecuadorian forests

New records, descriptions, and redescriptions of male horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Brazil

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