Newcastle disease in the European Union 2000 to 2009

Alexander, D. J.

doi:10.1080/03079457.2011.618823

Cited by 132 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, Fentie et al (2013) identified genotype VII viruses in the North western Ethiopia, indicating the co-circulation of different genotypes in Ethiopia. Genotype VI, include viruses that have been isolated from multiple avian species (Alexander 2011; Czeglédi et al 2006; Kim et al 2008). Viruses of this group are important because of their frequent association with doves and pigeons and consequent risk for introduction in to poultry flocks (Alexander 2011; Kim et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus and poultry-handling practices in live poultry markets, Ethiopia

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Newcastle disease represents the most severe poultry disease responsible for marked economic losses in Ethiopia. To provide a molecular characterization of Newcastle disease viruses circulating in this country, a cross sectional survey was conducted at five selected live poultry market sites in Addis Ababa. In addition, baseline data on the live poultry market system were acquired through a detailed questionnaire submitted to poultry traders. We identified 44/146 positive samples, 29 of which were virulent strains belonging to sub-genotype VIf. The very poor biosecurity practices, which have resulted from responses of the participants, suggest that they might have had a heavy impact in the spread of the disease. This study provides important information on epidemiology and control of NDV in Ethiopia and highlights the importance of implementing surveillances and biosecurity practices in live poultry markets.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-459) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus and poultry-handling practices in live poultry markets, Ethiopia

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although there are only two documented cases, other class II NDV isolates of low virulence have been shown to be capable of evolving naturally into a virulent phenotype (11), as only a few point mutations resulted in the emergence of a virulent form of NDV (48). As vaccine strains of genotype II have been found to spill over from poultry to wild birds (49), the comparison is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggests the existence of epidemiological links between field isolates recovered from wild birds and those obtained from poultry (7,28,29). Additionally, there is evidence for spillover of both lentogenic and velogenic viruses from poultry into wild birds (11,30). However, the possible release of highly virulent viruses into poultry or wild birds as a result of human activity has not been considered to be a risk factor for outbreaks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Newcastle Disease Viruses Causing Recent Outbreaks Worldwide Show Unexpectedly High Genetic Similarity to Historical Virulent Isolates from the 1940s

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause Newcastle disease (ND), a devastating disease of poultry and wild birds. Phylogenetic analyses clearly distinguish historical isolates (obtained prior to 1960) from currently circulating viruses of class II genotypes V, VI, VII, and XII through XVIII. Here, partial and complete genomic sequences of recent virulent isolates of genotypes II and IX from China, Egypt, and India were found to be nearly identical to those of historical viruses isolated in the 1940s. Phylogenetic analysis, nucleotide distances, and rates of change demonstrate that these recent isolates have not evolved significantly from the most closely related ancestors from the 1940s. The low rates of change for these virulent viruses (7.05 ؋ 10 ؊5 and 2.05 ؋ 10 ؊5 per year, respectively) and the minimal genetic distances existing between these and historical viruses (0.3 to 1.2%) of the same genotypes indicate an unnatural origin. As with any other RNA virus, Newcastle disease virus is expected to evolve naturally; thus, these findings suggest that some recent field isolates should be excluded from evolutionary studies. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses show that these recent virulent isolates are more closely related to virulent strains isolated during the 1940s, which have been and continue to be used in laboratory and experimental challenge studies. Since the preservation of viable viruses in the environment for over 6 decades is highly unlikely, it is possible that the source of some of the recent virulent viruses isolated from poultry and wild birds might be laboratory viruses. Infections with virulent strains of Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1, synonymous with Newcastle disease virus [NDV]), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae, and genus Avulavirus (1), cause Newcastle disease (ND) in birds. NDV is a pathogen capable of producing a devastating disease in domestic fowl, with vast social and economic consequences (2). Chickens infected with NDV show a wide spectrum of clinical signs that vary with different virus strains (3). Hanson and Brandly (4) categorize ND viruses into three main pathological groups: lentogens are avirulent and cause mild enteric, respiratory, or subclinical disease (5); mesogens cause disease and death primarily for chickens younger than 8 weeks and produce mainly respiratory disease (6); velogens induce severe systemic infections with high mortality rates (7). According to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (8), virulent NDV strains, which include both mesogenic and velogenic strains, must meet one of the following criteria: (i) have an intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) in day-old chicks (Gallus gallus) of 0.7 or greater; or (ii) have multiple basic amino acids at the C terminus of the F2 protein and phenylalanine at residue 117, which is the N terminus of the F1 protein. The term "multiple basic amino acids" refers to the presence of at least three arginine or lysine residues from positions 113 through 116. More info...

show abstract

“…NDV is a member of the Avulavirus genus in the Paramyxoviridae family (1,6,30,31), with a non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA genome containing 15186 nucleotides (1-3, 20, 33). The first report of utilizing Newcastle disease virus (NDV) for the treatment of human cancer was published in 1964 (32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Newcastle Disease virus Expressing IL15 Demonstrates Promising Antitumor Efficiency in Melanoma Model

Niu

Bai

Sun

et al. 2015

Technol Cancer Res Treat

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

and CTL cell responses. However, rNDV-IL15 significantly induced more IFN-γ release and stimulated more CD8 1 T cells infiltration in the tumor sites compared with rNDV-IL2. In the tumor re-challenged experiment, the survival rates of rNDV-IL15 group and rNDV-IL2 group were statistically higher than that of PBS group. The survival rate of rNDV-IL15 group was 26.67% higher than that of rNDV-IL2 group although the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, rNDV-IL15 is a promising antitumor agent against melanoma.

show abstract

Newcastle disease in the European Union 2000 to 2009

Cited by 132 publications

References 60 publications

Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus and poultry-handling practices in live poultry markets, Ethiopia

Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus and poultry-handling practices in live poultry markets, Ethiopia

Newcastle Disease Viruses Causing Recent Outbreaks Worldwide Show Unexpectedly High Genetic Similarity to Historical Virulent Isolates from the 1940s

Recombinant Newcastle Disease virus Expressing IL15 Demonstrates Promising Antitumor Efficiency in Melanoma Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About