New Zealand cicadas of the genus<i>Maoricicada</i>(Homoptera: Tibicinidae)

Dugdale, J. S.; Fleming, C. A.

doi:10.1080/03014223.1978.10428319

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…More than 40 species (five genera) are found, inhabiting a wide variety of habitats from mountain tops to sea coasts (Fleming 1975). The New Zealand cicada genus Maoricicada is unique among the world's cicada species in being almost entirely restricted to rocky mountain tops, cliff faces, or stream beds (Fleming 1971;Dugdale and Fleming 1978). Only two Maoricicada species are commonly found in trees or shrubs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of this isolation, New Zealand is home to many endemic species, especially insects (Daugherty et al 1993). Among the best studied of the insects from a natural history point of view are the New Zealand cicadas (Fleming 1971(Fleming , 1975(Fleming , 1984Dugdale 1972;Dugdale and Fleming 1978). More than 40 species (five genera) are found, inhabiting a wide variety of habitats from mountain tops to sea coasts (Fleming 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography of the New Zealand Cicada Maoricicada Campbelli Based on Mitochondrial Dna Sequences: Ancient Clades Associated With Cenozoic Environmental Change

2001

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Abstract. New Zealand's isolation, its well-studied rapidly changing landscape, and its many examples of rampant speciation make it an excellent location for studying the process of genetic differentiation. Using 1520 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA from the cytochrome oxidase subunit I, ATPase subunits 6 and 8 and tRNA Asp genes, we detected two well-differentiated, parapatrically distributed clades within the widespread New Zealand cicada species Maoricicada campbelli that may prove to represent two species. The situation that we uncovered is unusual in that an ancient lineage with low genetic diversity is surrounded on three sides by two recently diverged lineages. Using a relaxed molecular clock model coupled with Bayesian statistics, we dated the earliest divergence within M. campbelli at 2.3 Ϯ 0.55 million years. Our data suggest that geological and climatological events of the late Pliocene divided a oncewidespread species into northern and southern components and that near the middle of the Pleistocene the northern lineage began moving south eventually reaching the southern clade. The southern clade seems to have moved northward to only a limited extent. We discovered five potential zones of secondary contact through mountain passes that will be examined in future work. We predict that, as in North American periodical cicadas, contact between these highly differentiated lineages will exist but will not involve gene flow.

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Phylogeography of the New Zealand Cicada Maoricicada Campbelli Based on Mitochondrial Dna Sequences: Ancient Clades Associated With Cenozoic Environmental Change

2001

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“…Three species appear to be widespread across all plots: the large green Kikihia horologium and black Maoricicada cassiope are associated with the shrub Dracophyllum (present in all plots) and probably with Cassinia, while the rather small K. angusta (tussock cicada) is associated with Chionochloa (Table 1, Plots 1-9). As an adult, the black M. mangu mangu is typically associated with rock screes and degraded soliflual debris (Dugdale & Fleming 1978), but the nymph presumably feeds on Dracophyllum roots. This is the shrub of the more extensive soil + rock areas of…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the abundance and patchiness of cicada nymphs (Homoptera: Tibicinidae) in a New Zealand subalpine shrub-grassland

White

Sedcole

1993

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

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Cicada emergence skins in a subalpine shrub grassland have been sampled during 1969-75 to determine the abundance and spatial distributions of nymphs feeding on plant roots. A guild of six cicada species is primarily associated with two forms of vegetation: shrubs (Dracophyllum and Cassinia) and tall tussock (Chionochloa). Skin locations were mapped relative to dominant vegetation species, litter zones, and soil and rock pavements over a range of aspects, altitudes, and vegetation types, and sampling methods were scaled at four levels: the locality, plot, quadrat, and individual plant. There were significant differences in skin counts over four years, and different measures of mean skin densities are given for the four sampling scales. The two primary vegetation types had cumulative 1969-72 mean densities of 5.2 ± 4.0 and 12.9 ± 10.0 skins/quadrat (2.3 m 2 ) , and Received 14 November 1991,.accepted 17 December 1992 the 1969-72 mean productivities of the upper 25% of quadrats (adjusted for percent ground cover) were, respectively, 5.5 and 35.5 skins/m-. These productivities are believed to be conservative estimates of the maturing nymph numbers per individual host plant over the span of one cicada generation. Over a 17-year span, such productivities lie within the upper range of mean densities recorded for 17-year periodical cicadas in the United States. As the dominant subalpine vegetation species are very slow-growing, it is suggested that high densities of nymphs feeding on root sap may affect plant vitality, although 1971/1987 comparisons of vitality in 52 Chionochloa tussocks could not positively demonstrate a correlation across all data. Skin dispersion analyses indicated significant levels of patchiness, in agreement with other nymphal studies and with known cicada oviposition behaviour. No single dispersion model fitted the data comprehensively, and it is suggested that a gradual shifting of the centres of cicada aggregation may occur over a cumulative period of several generations.

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“…The genus has speciated extensively in the South Island mountains and several species are severely range restricted. For example, M. otagoensis maceweni is known only from the Takitimu Range in Southland (Dugdale & Fleming 1978). These cicadas utilise a diversity of habitat types, ranging from subalpine scrub and screes, to boulder and herbfields adjacent to the permanent snow line (Buckley & Simon 2007).…”

Section: Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the New Zealand cicada genus Maoricicada, there are 14 described species, nine of which can be considered either alpine or subalpine (Dugdale & Fleming 1978;Buckley & Simon 2007). The genus has speciated extensively in the South Island mountains and several species are severely range restricted.…”

Section: Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of introduced mammalian predators on New Zealand’s alpine fauna

O’Donnell¹,

Weston²,

Monks³

2017

NZ J Ecol

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Alpine zones are threatened globally by invasive species, hunting, and habitat loss caused by fire, anthropogenic development and climate change. These global threats are pertinent in New Zealand, with the least understood pressure being the potential impacts of introduced mammalian predators, the focus of this review. In New Zealand, alpine zones include an extensive suite of cold climate ecosystems covering c. 11% of the land mass. They support rich communities of indigenous invertebrates, lizards, fish, and birds. Many taxa are obligate alpine dwellers, though there is uncertainty about the extent to which distributions of some species are relicts of wider historical ranges. The impacts of introduced mammalian predators are well described in many New Zealand ecosystems, though little is known about the impacts of these predators on alpine fauna. Here we review the importance of alpine habitats for indigenous fauna and the impacts of introduced mammalian predators; and develop a conceptual model explaining threat interactions. Most evidence for predation is anecdotal or comes from studies of species with wider ranges and at lower altitudes. Nevertheless, at least ten introduced predator species have been confirmed as frequent predators of native alpine species, particularly among birds and invertebrates. In the case of the endangered takahe (Porphyrio hochstetteri) and rock wren (Xenicus gilviventris), stoats (Mustela erminea) are primary predators, which are likely to be impacting significantly on population viability. We also document records of mammalian predation on alpine lizards and freshwater fish. While the precise impacts on the long-term viability of threatened species have not been evaluated, anecdotal evidence suggests that predation by mammals is a serious threat, warranting predator control. Future research should focus on predicting when and where mammalian predators impact on populations of indigenous fauna, furthering our understanding of the alpine predator guild particularly through adaptive management experiments, and exploring interactions with other threats.

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New Zealand cicadas of the genusMaoricicada(Homoptera: Tibicinidae)

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Phylogeography of the New Zealand Cicada Maoricicada Campbelli Based on Mitochondrial Dna Sequences: Ancient Clades Associated With Cenozoic Environmental Change

Phylogeography of the New Zealand Cicada Maoricicada Campbelli Based on Mitochondrial Dna Sequences: Ancient Clades Associated With Cenozoic Environmental Change

A study of the abundance and patchiness of cicada nymphs (Homoptera: Tibicinidae) in a New Zealand subalpine shrub-grassland

Impacts of introduced mammalian predators on New Zealand’s alpine fauna

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