New York's war on tobacco produces record fall in smoking

Gottlieb, Scott

doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7450.1222

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…16 In New York a combination of higher taxation, cessation services, and smoke-free public places is reported to have reduced smoking prevalence by nearly 3 percentage points in one year. 25 In terms of tobacco control policy the UK government has implemented a comprehensive advertising ban, continues to develop cessation services, and is implementing larger and more graphic health warnings on cigarette packs. The additional policies necessary to maximise reductions in prevalence are therefore further and substantial investment in sustained health promotion campaigns, 5-8 price increases above the rate of inflation, 5 6 and making all public and work places smoke-free.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health measures to reduce smoking prevalence in the UK: how many lives could be saved?

Lewis

Arnott²,

Godfrey³

et al. 2005

Tob Control

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Objective: To estimate the number of deaths that could be prevented in the UK by implementing population strategies to reduce smoking prevalence. Design: A prospective analysis of future mortality using recent national smoking prevalence data and relative risks of mortality in current smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers. Population: Smokers in the UK. Interventions: Population measures of proven effectiveness assumed to reduce smoking prevalence by 1 percentage point per year for 10 years, or alternatively by 13% over 19 years (1 percentage point per annum for seven years, 0.5 percentage point per annum for 12 years) as considered to be achievable in a recent report to the UK Chancellor of the Exchequer. S moking causes more death and disability in the UK than any other avoidable factor. About 24% of UK adults or 12 million people are current regular smokers, 1 and of those who continue to smoke, half will die prematurely from a disease caused by their smoking.2 Reducing smoking prevalence is therefore crucial to improving the public health. Major reductions in prevalence were achieved in the UK between 1960 and 1990, but throughout the 1990s there was relatively little change. 3The UK government has now banned all tobacco advertising and invested heavily in providing cessation services for smokers who want to quit. New surveys suggest that the prevalence of smoking has now begun to fall again, at about 0.4 percentage points per year. 1 4 Experience from other countries indicates, however, that much greater reductions could be achieved by implementing further simple but highly cost effective population measures to encourage cessation. These include progressive rises in cigarette price, sustained health promotion campaigns, effective health warnings on cigarette packs, and legislation to make all public and work places smoke-free. 5-11To estimate the potential public health impact of full implementation of these strategies we have calculated the number of deaths expected to be prevented according to three scenarios of prevalence decline over the next 10 years. These comprise first, a continued decline at the current rate of 0.4 percentage points per year, reflecting the likely maximum effect of no further intervention; second, decline at a rate of 1 percentage point per year, which we propose to be achievable if all available public health interventions were to be applied; and third, decline according to the ''fully engaged scenario'' defined in a recent report on future priorities for public health commissioned by the UK government, authored by Derek Wanless. 12 This report suggested that full implementation of available population strategies would reduce smoking prevalence by 1 percentage point per year for seven years, and then by half a percentage point per year for a further 12 years. 12 METHODSWe used population data from the 2001 UK census 13 and smoking prevalence figures from the 2003 Omnibus Survey 1 to estimate the numbers of male and female smokers currently alive in the UK at each year of age up t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health measures to reduce smoking prevalence in the UK: how many lives could be saved?

Lewis

Arnott²,

Godfrey³

et al. 2005

Tob Control

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“…From 10 January 2005 the Italian government banned smoking in several public areas, including cafes, restaurants, as well as in the workplace, similar to the regulations implemented in Ireland, Norway (McElvaney, 2004), and several states of the USA (Gottlieb, 2004;Siegel et al, 2004;Skeer et al, 2004). Besides reducing passive smoking, smoke-free policies increase smoking cessation, reduce consumption and remove role models from children's view (Jamrozik, 2004;Schroeder, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of smoking and attitude towards smoking regulation in Italy, 2004

Gallus

Pacifici

Colombo³

et al. 2006

European Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Among smokers who quit following implementation of a workplace smoking ban in Ireland, 80% reported that the ban had helped them quit and 88% reported that the ban helped prevent recidivism 20) . A ban on smoking in New York City coupled with a large tax increase resulted in an 11% decrease in the number of adult smokers and a 13% decline in cigarette consumption over 1 yr 21) , as well as increased sales of nicotine replacement therapy 22) . Further, a recent study from a Japanese worksite 23) reported that lower workplace smoking prevalence is associated with increased likelihood of successful smoking cessation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employee and Employer Support for Workplace‐based Smoking Cessation: Results from an International Survey

Halpern

Taylor²

2010

Journal of Occupational Health

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Workplace smoking cessation programs can increase smoking cessation rates, improve employee health, reduce exposure to second-hand smoke, and decrease costs. To assist with the development of such programs, we conducted a Global Workplace Smoking Survey to collect information on workplace attitudes towards smoking cessation programs. Methods: Data were collected from 1,403 employers (smoking and non-smoking) and 3,525 smoking employees participating in surveys in 14 countries in Asia, Europe, and South America in 2007. Results were weighted to ensure that they were representative of smokers and employers at companies with the specified number of employees. Results: More than two-thirds of employers (69%) but less than half of employees (48%) indicated that their company should help employees with smoking cessation. Approximately two-thirds of employees and 81% of employers overall felt that smoke-free policies encourage cessation, but fewer individuals from Europe (vs. from Asia or South America) agreed with this. In companies with a smokefree policy, 76% of employees and 80% of employers felt that their policy had been somewhat, very, or extremely effective in motivating employees to quit or reduce smoking. Employers and employees differed substantially regarding appropriate methods for encouraging cessation, with more employees favouring financial incentives and more employers favouring education. Conclusions: Both employees and employers value smoke-free workplace programs and workplace cessation support activities, although many would like their companies to offer more support. These results will be useful for organizations exploring means of facilitating smoking cessation amongst employees. (J Occup Health 2010; 52: 375-382)

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New York's war on tobacco produces record fall in smoking

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Public health measures to reduce smoking prevalence in the UK: how many lives could be saved?

Public health measures to reduce smoking prevalence in the UK: how many lives could be saved?

Prevalence of smoking and attitude towards smoking regulation in Italy, 2004

Employee and Employer Support for Workplace‐based Smoking Cessation: Results from an International Survey

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