New World Juglandaceae. II. Hickory Nut Oils, Phenetic Similarities, and Evolutionary Implications in the Genus Carya

Stone, Donald E.; Adrouny, George A.; Flake, Robert H.

doi:10.2307/2440634

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Juglandaceous fruits are diverse in morphology, varying from a variety of winged fruits to large hard nuts (Stone, ; Manchester, ; Lu & Zhang, ), and therefore are useful in the generic taxonomy of this family (Manchester, ). Fruits of Carya have several diagnostic characteristics, including a dehiscent husk, a globose to ovoid nut shape, inner ribs, a primary septum and in some species a secondary septum (Stone, ; Stone et al, ; Elias, ; Mai, ; Manchester, ; Lu et al, ). The unique combination of these morphological and anatomical features makes the Carya fruits distinguishable from the fruits of other members in Juglandaceae.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus Carya comprises about 18 living species, of which 5–6 species are from East Asia and 12–14 species are from southeastern North America (Manning, , ; Stone et al, ; Elias, ; Chang & Lu, ; Lu et al, ). The carpological morphology and anatomy of the genus have been extensively studied (Manning, ; Stone, ; Elias, ; Mai, ; Lu et al, ).…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carya Nuttall (hickory) is an economically important genus in the walnut family, Juglandaceae, with approximately 18 living species of deciduous trees ranging in habitats from temperate mixed mesophytic forests to montane rain forests in the Northern Hemisphere (Stone, ; Stone et al, ; Lu et al, ; Manos & Stone, ; Xiang et al, ). The genus shows a classical disjunctional distribution pattern between East Asia and southeastern North America (Elias, ; Manchester, ; Lu et al, ; Zhang et al, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus shows a classical disjunctional distribution pattern between East Asia and southeastern North America (Elias, ; Manchester, ; Lu et al, ; Zhang et al, ). Five to six species are native to southern China, northeastern India, Laos, and northern Vietnam in East Asia (Chang & Lu, ; Lu et al, ), while 12–14 species are endemic to eastern United States and Mexico in southeastern North America (Manning, , ; Stone et al, ; Elias, ). Southeastern North America, home to about 70% of the total species of Carya , represents the modern biodiversity center of the genus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As one of the most important types of megafossil in Carya , fossil fruits are particularly diagnostic in taxonomy. This is because Carya fruits are often characterized by a globose to ovoid nut with a thick, 4‐ or 6‐valved husk covering a smooth or winkled nutshell which bears inner ribs and shows 2‐ or 4‐chambered at base (Stone, ; Stone et al, ; Elias, ; Mai, ; Manchester, ; Lu et al, ). The combination of these characteristics makes Carya fruits readily distinguishable, and therefore their fossil remains can be reliably identified at both the generic and specific levels (Mai, ; Manchester, , ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

New fossil fruits of Carya (Juglandaceae) from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene in Tennessee, eastern United States

Huang

Liu

Zavada

2014

J of Sytematics Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fossil fruits including nuts and associated husk valves of a new species of Carya (Juglandaceae) are described from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene in northeastern Tennessee, eastern United States. The husk valves are elliptic, 1.2–4.5 mm thick, with a convex exterior face and a concave interior face; the nuts are globose to ovoid in shape, smooth and longitudinally ribbed on exterior surface, with a short protruding apex and a slightly 4‐angled base; inner ribs, lacunae and primary septa are well‐developed, while secondary septa are absent or weakly developed. The combination of these carpological characteristics clearly shows a close resemblance to the genus Carya in Juglandaceae. Detailed comparisons of carpological morphology and anatomy indicate that the present fossil taxon is different from both living and most other fossil species of the genus, and therefore warrants the designation of a new fossil species, Carya tennesseensis Huang et al., sp. nov. Carya tennesseensis displays a carpological similarity to C. ventricosa from the late Oligocene to early Pliocene in Europe, suggesting a potential species exchange of the genus between Europe and southeastern North America during the late Neogene. The new fossil species represents one of the few fruit fossil species of Carya from its modern distribution range in southeastern North America. It provides crucial information for better understanding the rapid diversification of the genus from the late Miocene to early Pliocene, and the origin and establishment of today's Carya biodiversity in this region.

show abstract

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

New fossil fruits of Carya (Juglandaceae) from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene in Tennessee, eastern United States

Huang

Liu

Zavada

2014

J of Sytematics Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Fatty Acids of Cuphea (Lythraceae) Seed Lipids and Their Systematic Significance

Graham

Hirsinger

Röbbelen

1981

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fatty acid analyses of seed lipids in 46 species of Cuphea are presented, representing the first major survey of a molecular nature for the family. A remarkable diversity in composition is found, with seeds containing high amounts of several medium chain fatty acids. Lauric acid (12:0) predominates in 43% of the species studied, constituting 50–74% of the total fatty acid content. Capric acid (10:0) is the dominant fatty acid in 32% of the species, comprising as much as 87% of the total acid content. Caprylic acid (8:0) predominates in one section of the genus. The emphasis on production of fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of 12, ten, and eight carbon atoms is unique among plant genera studied to date. Among seven of the nine sections studied, one pattern of fatty acid composition predominates. Two sections have no characteristic pattern, supporting other evidence of their polyphyletic origin. The most significant systematic contribution is made by comparison of the predominate fatty acid components in the seed lipids. When used in conjunction with floral morphology, pollen studies, and chromosome number, it provides an important new basis on which to draw inferences of evolution and clarify present relationships within the genus. Additionally, a trend from the longer‐chained, unsaturated linoleic acid (18:2) as a major lipid component to shorter‐chained saturated capric and caprylic acids is correlated with increasing floral specialization. It is suggested that mutations in regulatory genes have occurred which cause fatty acid production in seeds to cease at progressively earlier stages, resulting in accumulation of large amounts of single fatty acids of progressively shorter carbon chain lengths.

show abstract

Juglandaceae

Hegnauer¹

1989

Chemotaxonomie Der Pflanzen

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New World Juglandaceae. II. Hickory Nut Oils, Phenetic Similarities, and Evolutionary Implications in the Genus Carya

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

New fossil fruits of Carya (Juglandaceae) from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene in Tennessee, eastern United States

New fossil fruits of Carya (Juglandaceae) from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene in Tennessee, eastern United States

Fatty Acids of Cuphea (Lythraceae) Seed Lipids and Their Systematic Significance

Juglandaceae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About