New wheat allergens related to baker's asthma

Bittner, Cordula; Peters, Ulrike; Frenzel, Karsten; Müsken, H.; Brettschneider, Reinhold

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.010

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There have been many efforts to elucidate the pathogenesis and predisposing factors for the development of WRS after wheat exposure,1, 2, 10, 13, 20, 21 since various innate/adaptive immune responses to wheat are involved in the developments of WRS 15 . This study was in line with previous studies showing that Th2 response to wheat (positive SPT) and atopic status are associated with WRS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Transforming growth factor-β1 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxins contribute to the development of work-related respiratory symptoms in bakery workers

Trinh

Ulambayar

Cao

et al. 2019

World Allergy Organization Journal

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Background: In baker's asthma previous studies suggest that adaptive and innate immunity are involved in the development of work-related respiratory symptoms (WRS), where we hypothesized that epithelial cells derive airway inflammation through modulating the release of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate the role of epithelial cell-derived cytokines in the development of WRS among bakery workers. Methods: We recruited 385 wheat-exposed subjects with WRS (WRSþ)/without WRS (WRS-) working in a single industry and 243 unexposed controls from Ajou Medical Center (Suwon, South Korea). Levels of epithelial cell-derived cytokines (interleukin [IL-8], transforming growth factor-b1 [TGF-b1], eotaxin-2) and inflammatory mediators (eosinophil-derived neurotoxins [EDN]) in sera or cell-free supernatants were measured by ELISA. Human airway epithelial cells (HAECs), A549, were stimulated by wheat flour extracts and co-cultured with peripheral blood neutrophils isolated from 4 asthmatic patients. Results: Serum TGF-b1 levels were significantly lower in exposed subjects than in unexposed controls, in the WRSþ group than in the WRS-group (P < 0.001 for each). The WRSþ group had a significantly higher level of serum EDN than the WRS-group (P < 0.001). Serum TGF-b1 and EDN levels predicted the development of WRS in exposed subjects (area under the curve [AUC] ¼ 0.719, 72.4% sensitivity/70% specificity; AUC ¼ 0.759, 78.6% sensitivity/60% specificity). From wheat-stimulated HAECs, TGF-b1 release peaked at 6 hours after wheat exposure, while eotaxin-2 peaked at 12 hours. Co-culture of HAECs with neutrophils did not affect TGF-b1 release. Conclusions: Our results suggest that TGF-b1 may contribute to develop type-2 airway inflammation and WRS. Serum TGF-b1/EDN levels may be potential serum biomarkers for predicting WRS among bakery workers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Transforming growth factor-β1 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxins contribute to the development of work-related respiratory symptoms in bakery workers

Trinh

Ulambayar

Cao

et al. 2019

World Allergy Organization Journal

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“…Allergic asthmatic plasma metabolomics showed aberrant purine metabolism that may change the consequence of having a more purine-rich diet in such patients 33. It has been previously reported that allergy to purine-rich wheat flour is the leading cause of serious occupational asthma among bakery workers called baker’s asthma 34. Another possible indirect link between purine-rich diet and asthma is through gout, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Toxicogenomic analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data can predict food, drugs, and chemical-induced asthma</p>

Hachim

Elemam

et al. 2019

PGPM

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Background: With the increasing incidence of asthma, more attention is focused on the diverse and complex nutritional and environmental triggers of asthma exacerbations. Currently, there are no established risk assessment tools to evaluate asthma triggering potentials of most of the nutritional and environmental triggers encountered by asthmatic patients.Purpose The objective of this study is to devise a reliable workflow, capable of estimating the toxicogenomic effect of such factors on key player genes in asthma pathogenesis.MethodsGene expression extracted from publicly available datasets of asthmatic bronchial epithelium were subjected to a comprehensive analysis of differential gene expression to identify significant genes involved in asthma development and progression. The identified genes were subjected to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis using a total of 31,826 gene sets related to chemical, toxins, and drugs to identify common agents that share similar asthma-related targets genes and signaling pathways.ResultsOur analysis identified 225 differentially expressed genes between severe asthmatic and healthy bronchial epithelium. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of the identified genes showed that they are involved in response to toxic substances and organic cyclic compounds and are targeted by 41 specific diets, plants products, and plants related toxins (eg adenine, arachidonic acid, baicalein, caffeic acid, corilagin, curcumin, ellagic acid, luteolin, microcystin-RR, phytoestrogens, protoporphyrin IX, purpurogallin, rottlerin, and salazinic acid). Moreover, the identified chemicals share interesting inflammation-related pathways like NF-κB.ConclusionOur analysis was able to explain and predict the toxicity in terms of stimulating the differentially expressed genes between severe asthmatic and healthy epithelium. Such an approach can pave the way to generate a cost-effective and reliable source for asthma-specific toxigenic reports thus allowing the asthmatic patients, physicians, and medical researchers to be aware of the potential triggering factors with fatal consequences.

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“…Therefore, the first choice for in vitro diagnosis of baker’s asthma is still the determination of allergen sIgE antibodies against the whole wheat flour extracts because of superior diagnostic sensitivity. Bittner et al [ 42 ] reported positive IgE binding to at least 1 of 6 newly identified wheat allergens in 21 (48.8%) of 43 subjects with documented bakers’ asthma who showed negative results with the commercial wheat flour ImmunoCAP. Further studies are necessary in order to determine whether these findings are relevant to the usefulness of these recombinant allergens in diagnosing bakers’ asthma.…”

Section: Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Molecular Diagnosis of Occupational Allergies

Raulf

Quirce

Vandenplas

2018

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Purpose of ReviewNumerous clinically relevant allergenic molecules enhance the performance of specific (s) IgE tests and improve the specificity of allergy diagnosis. This review aimed to summarize our current knowledge of the high-molecular-weight allergens involved in the development of occupational asthma and rhinitis and to critically analyze the contribution of component-resolved diagnosis in the management of these conditions.Recent FindingsThere is a lack of standardization and validation for most available extracts of occupational agents, and assessment of sIgE reactivity to occupational allergen components has been poorly investigated, with the notable exception of natural rubber latex (NRL) and wheat flour. In the case of NRL, the application of recombinant single allergens and amplification of natural extracts with stable recombinant allergens improved the test sensitivity. IgE-sensitization profile in patients with baker’s asthma showed great interindividual variation, and extract-based diagnostic is still recommended. For other occupational allergens, it remains necessary to evaluate the relevance of single allergen molecules for the sensitization induced by occupational exposure.SummaryProgress has been made to characterize occupational allergens especially NRL and wheat, although there is still an unmet need to increase the knowledge of occupational allergens, to include standardized tools into routine diagnostic, and to evaluate their usefulness in clinical practice.

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New wheat allergens related to baker's asthma

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Transforming growth factor-β1 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxins contribute to the development of work-related respiratory symptoms in bakery workers

Transforming growth factor-β1 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxins contribute to the development of work-related respiratory symptoms in bakery workers

<p>Toxicogenomic analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data can predict food, drugs, and chemical-induced asthma</p>

Addressing Molecular Diagnosis of Occupational Allergies

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