New Water-Soluble Cytokinin Derivatives and Their Beneficial Impact on Barley Yield and Photosynthesis

Klos, Dardan; Dušek, Michal; Samoľová, Erika; Zatloukal, Marek; Nožková, Vladimíra; Nesnas, Nasri; Plačková, Lenka; Koprna, Radoslav; Špíšek, Zdeněk; Vylíčilová, Hana; Plíhal, Ondřej; Doležal, Karel; Voller, Jiří; Kadlecová, Alena; Strnad, Miroslav; Plíhalová, Lucie

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00981

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…These characteristics resembled those found in other Euphorbiaceae species and similarities in protein structure with species from the Euphorbiaceae family and Arabidopsis. The results of multiple comparisons showed that the RR17 proteins in Euphorbiaceae demonstrated the presence of the typical structural domain REC A-type ARR, a downstream response factor of cytokinin in Arabidopsis, and a key node in the regulation of CK signaling [6,23], and functions as a positive regulator of CK signaling [24]. However, studies in Populus tremula indicated that the downstream response factor ARR17, responsible for sexual differentiation in poplar, did not rely on CK action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the VfRR17 Gene from tung tree (Vernicia fordii)

Liao

Zhang

2023

Plants

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Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is one of the four major woody oilseed species in China. However, its fruit yield is severely hampered by the low number of female flowers and the imbalanced male-to-female flower ratio, which is a problem that restricts the development of the oilseed industry. Previous research has demonstrated that the exogenous application of cytokinins can significantly augment the number of female flowers, although the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. To elucidate the involvement of VfRR17, a member of the A-type ARRs family, in the exogenous cytokinin regulation of flower sexual differentiation in tung tree, this study conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, and evolutionary relationships of the protein encoded by VfRR17. Additionally, gene function analysis was performed using subcellular localization, qRT-PCR, and genetic transformation techniques. The findings revealed that the VfRR17 gene’s coding region spanned 471 bp, encoding an unstable protein of 156 amino acids with a relative molecular mass of 17.4 kDa. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a higher similarity between VfRR17 of the tung tree and the RR17 gene of Jatropha curcas, Ricinus communis, Hevea brasiliensis, and other species within the Euphorbiaceae family compared to other species, with the greatest similarity of 86% observed with the RR17 gene of Jatropha curcas. The qRT-PCR analysis indicated that VfRR17 exhibited high expression levels during the early stage of tung tree inflorescence buds following 6-BA treatment, peaking at 24 h and displaying a 3.47-fold increase compared to that at 0 h. In female and male flowers of the tung tree, the expression in female flowers during the 1 DBF period was significantly higher than in male flowers, exhibiting a difference of approximately 47.91-fold. Furthermore, notable differential expression was observed in the root, leaf, and petiole segments of the tung tree under low-temperature stress at the 12-h time point. In transgenic Arabidopsis, the VfRR17 lines and wild-type lines exhibited significantly different flowering times under an exogenous 6-BA treatment at a concentration of 2 mg/L, with the VfRR17 lines experiencing an 11-day delay compared to the wild-type lines. Additionally, the number of fruit pods in VfRR17 transgenic Arabidopsis lines was significantly reduced by 28 compared to the wild-type lines at a 6-BA concentration of 3 mg/L. These findings suggest that VfRR17 likely plays a critical role in regulating flower development in response to exogenous 6-BA, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying exogenous 6-BA-mediated regulation of female flower development in the tung tree.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the VfRR17 Gene from tung tree (Vernicia fordii)

Liao

Zhang

2023

Plants

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New PEO-IAA-Inspired Anti-Auxins: Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Possible Application in Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) Micropropagation

Žukauskaitė

Saiz-Fernández

Bieleszová

et al. 2023

J Plant Growth Regul

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Auxins play an important role in plant physiology and are involved in numerous aspects of plant development, such as cell division, elongation and differentiation, fruit development, and phototropic response. In addition, through their antagonistic interaction with cytokinins, auxins play a key role in the regulation of root growth and apical dominance. Thanks to this capacity to determine plant architecture, natural and synthetic auxins have been successfully employed to obtain more economically advantageous plants. The crosstalk between auxins and cytokinins determines plant development and thus is of particular importance in the field of plant micropropagation, where the ratios between these two phytohormones need to be tightly controlled to achieve proper rooting and shoot generation. Previously reported anti-auxin PEO-IAA, which blocks auxin signalling through binding to TIR1 receptor and inhibiting the expression of auxin-responsive genes, has been successfully used to facilitate hemp micropropagation. Herein, we report a set of new PEO-IAA-inspired anti-auxins capable of antagonizing auxin responses in vivo. The capacity of these compounds to bind to the TIR1 receptor was confirmed in vitro by SPR analysis. Using DESI-MSI analysis, we evaluated the uptake and distribution of the compounds at the whole plant level. Finally, we characterized the effect of the compounds on the organogenesis of hemp explants, where they showed to be able to improve beneficial morphological traits, such as the balanced growth of all the produced shoots and enhanced bud proliferation.

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New Water-Soluble Cytokinin Derivatives and Their Beneficial Impact on Barley Yield and Photosynthesis

Cited by 2 publications

References 56 publications

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the VfRR17 Gene from tung tree (Vernicia fordii)

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the VfRR17 Gene from tung tree (Vernicia fordii)

New PEO-IAA-Inspired Anti-Auxins: Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Possible Application in Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) Micropropagation

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