‘New Violence’: Silencing Women's Experiences in the <i>Favelas</i> of Brazil

Wilding, Polly

doi:10.1017/s0022216x10001343

Cited by 46 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…When we last spoke to them, Fernanda and Ana's sons were still struggling with addiction. Rather, these mothers' acts add to, and perpetuate, the Bchain of violencet hat encircles poor people's lives, with mothers acting as one of the key transmitters of Blearned violence^to youth in the community (Auyero and Berti 2015;Hume 2009;Wilding 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From “making toast” to “splitting apples”: dissecting “care” in the midst of chronic violence

Auyero

Kilanski

2015

Theor Soc

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Scholarship has tended to focus on the deleterious impacts of chronic exposure to violence, to the detriment of understanding how residents living in dangerous contexts care for themselves and one another. Drawing on 30 months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines two sets of practices that residents exercise in the name of protecting themselves and their loved ones. The first set (Bmaking toast^) includes the mundane, Bsmall acts,^-often embedded in routinethat residents draw on in an effort to form connections and create order in a fundamentally chaotic and stressful environment. The second set ("splitting apples") involves the teaching and exercise of violence in the name of protecting daughters and sons from further harm. Using interviews and field notes, we argue that both sets of practices, when viewed in situ, reveal an Bethics of care.^Resisting the urge to either romanticize or sanitize these efforts, we engage with the difficult question of what it means when an expression of Bcare^involves the (re)production of violence, especially against a loved one.Keywords Protective carework . Family violence . Argentina . Violence in Latin America . Urban ethnography Decades of research have established the durable and pernicious impact that chronic exposure to violence has on poor communities (Brennan et al. 2007;Schwab-Stone et al. 1995). Clark et al. (2008 have dubbed chronic exposure to violence a Bmental health hazard,^in reference to its harmful developmental, emotional, and behavioral impacts on individuals (see also, Farrell et al. 2007;Friday 1995;Holton 1995;Popkin et al. 2010). Exposure to community violence is strongly associated with post-traumatic Theor Soc

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From “making toast” to “splitting apples”: dissecting “care” in the midst of chronic violence

Auyero

Kilanski

2015

Theor Soc

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“…The high incidence of violence against women in many societies is one example to draw on. High levels of violence against and among young men is another phenomenon that would benefit from an analysis that includes a socio-political framework and a gendered lens (such as urban and gang violence, Hume & Wilding, 2015;Wilding, 2010). But not only gender matters; the structural violence presented by poverty, marginalisation, and exclusion shape these forms of physical violence.…”

Section: Gender 'Peace' and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformative gender justice: Setting an agenda

Boesten

Wilding

2015

Women's Studies International Forum

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T W " I J justice mechanisms, in the broadest sense, to have transformative outcomes upon gender relations and the position of women in countries with histories of violence, whether that be political violence, post-conflict, chronic criminal and / or social M experiences during and following periods of extensive violence are informed by pre-existing, peacetime, inequalities. The specific gendered harms suffered by women, such as sexual violence and exploitation, are grounded in understandings of gendered roles in society and the perceived links between reproduction and community. Thus, as the growing body of feminist research into processes of transitional justice show, women have vital stakes in post-conflict transformation, rather than reconstruction (Chinking and Charlesworth 2006 cited in Reilly 2007, Ní Aoláin 2012). Likewise, the (often far less visible) expectation that women sustain their caring roles in the everyday of war providing food, shelter, and care for dependents, or soldiers, in often desperate contexts constitutes specifically gendered experiences associated with existing inequalities and expectations (Reilly 2007). With this knowledge in mind, it is increasingly obvious that for women periods of societal transition have to aim for the transformation of the underlying inequalities that provided the conditions in which these specifically gendered harms were possible. Consequently, it is ina if this results in more of the same just under different circumstances.The essays in this Special Issue on Transformative Gender Justice 1 build on this emerging body of work that emphasizes the need for a transformative approach to the opportunity that transitions can pose in the aftermath of mass violence. This means that we are not only interested in the structures of inequality and injustice, and how these relate to violence, but in the institutional processes that silently and, often contrary to intentions, reproduce those same inequalities. Ultimately, we are interested in investigating strategies rooted in different disciplinary traditions that challenge such structures. In other words, we are interested in how different justice strategies and mechanisms can contribute to the reconfiguration of power beyond individual experiences of violence and injustice, but rather, at societal level. This Special Issue, therefore, is a contribution to this emerging debate, which explicitly aims to bring together a range of disciplinary perspectives with gender analysis at the heart. Gender, and transformationIn recent years there has been a global momentum in thinking about and responding to violence against women (VAW), originating with the early research into domestic

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“…The aim is not to generalise from these examples, given the importance of context, but to highlight the relevance of gender analysis, and the universal tendency to sideline what are seen to be gendered issues (all too often simply collapsed into women's concerns) -as found in the 'new violence' literature, for example (Wilding 2010). The minimal literature that links public and private violence, or even that which provides a thorough gender analysis of male-on-male violence, restricts the potential for in-depth comparative analysis.…”

Section: Gangs and Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'Education' through violent means is not only intended to keep children safe from the dangers of the street, but to reprimand and discipline more generally, with corporal punishment frequently constructed as an efficient method of 'education' and not abuse (Goldstein 1998). As Hume points out in the context of El Salvador, violence against children is socially perceived to be a quick and effective means to achieve results if, indeed, it is recognised as violence at all (Hume 2008(Hume :64, 2009Goldstein 2003:160-170;Wilding 2010). Similarly, Alessandra Guedes, a social worker at the education programme NAM, in Maré, believes that parents see part of their role is to place boundaries on acceptable behaviour, and violence as an effective means of achieving this.…”

Section: Mothering Protection and Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of gangs is an easy scapegoat to blame for current levels of insecurity, thus legitimising extensive and punitive policing, as has been argued in the case of Guatemala (Benson et al 2008;Sanford 2008 andMabala 2011 on Sub-Saharan Africa). Thus, despite the fact that involved men are in the minority, the focus is on the underlying motivations for their involvement in maleon-male violence, and male mortality rates; meanwhile women's roles and experiences in gang and police violence tend to be overlooked, sidelined and ignored (Wilding 2010). 1 Mabala is critical of the tendency to elide 'youth' with young men and sees them as a problem -and security threat -due to the increasingly young demographic in Africa (2011:161):…”

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Negotiating Boundaries

Wilding¹

2012

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Series editors: Johanna Kantola, University of Helsinki, Finland and Judith Squires, University of Bristol, UK This timely new series publishes leading monographs and edited collections from scholars working in the disciplinary areas of politics, international relations and public policy with specific reference to questions of gender. The series showcases cutting-edge research in Gender and Politics, publishing topical and innovative approaches to gender politics. It will include exciting work from new authors and well-known academics and will also publish high-impact writings by practitioners working in issues relating to gender and politics.The series covers politics, international relations and public policy, including gendered engagement with mainstream political science issues, such as political systems and policymaking, representation and participation, citizenship and identity, equality, and women's movements; gender and international relations, including feminist approaches to international institutions, political economy and global politics; and interdisciplinary and emergent areas of study, such as masculinities studies, gender and multiculturalism, and intersectionality.

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‘New Violence’: Silencing Women's Experiences in the Favelas of Brazil

Cited by 46 publications

References 21 publications

From “making toast” to “splitting apples”: dissecting “care” in the midst of chronic violence

From “making toast” to “splitting apples”: dissecting “care” in the midst of chronic violence

Transformative gender justice: Setting an agenda

Negotiating Boundaries

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