New views of the human NK cell immunological synapse: recent advances enabled by super- and high-resolution imaging techniques

Mace, Emily M.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00421

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…So, the lytic granule cannonball can pass through, not because of a large barrier clearance, but because the eye of the dense actin mesh needle locally expands to accommodate it. This fundamental change in ideas is due to the insight made possible by imaging advances: “The use of super-resolution imaging was critical to the identification of the granule-sized clearances formed in response to activating signal” ( Mace & Orange, 2012b ).…”

Section: Biological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dances with Membranes: Breakthroughs from Super-resolution Imaging

Curthoys

Parent

Mlodzianoski

et al. 2015

Current Topics in Membranes

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Biological membrane organization mediates numerous cellular functions and has also been connected with an immense number of human diseases. However, until recently, experimental methodologies have been unable to directly visualize the nanoscale details of biological membranes, particularly in intact living cells. Numerous models explaining membrane organization have been proposed, but testing those models has required indirect methods; the desire to directly image proteins and lipids in living cell membranes is a strong motivation for the advancement of technology. The development of super-resolution microscopy has provided powerful tools for quantification of membrane organization at the level of individual proteins and lipids, and many of these tools are compatible with living cells. Previously inaccessible questions are now being addressed, and the field of membrane biology is developing rapidly. This chapter discusses how the development of super-resolution microscopy has led to fundamental advances in the field of biological membrane organization. We summarize the history and some models explaining how proteins are organized in cell membranes, and give an overview of various super-resolution techniques and methods of quantifying super-resolution data. We discuss the application of super-resolution techniques to membrane biology in general, and also with specific reference to the fields of actin and actin-binding proteins, virus infection, mitochondria, immune cell biology, and phosphoinositide signaling. Finally, we present our hopes and expectations for the future of super-resolution microscopy in the field of membrane biology.

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Section: Biological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dances with Membranes: Breakthroughs from Super-resolution Imaging

Curthoys

Parent

Mlodzianoski

et al. 2015

Current Topics in Membranes

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show abstract

“…Thus, presynaptic membrane could be formed on a glass surface coated with NLG, and molecular regulatory processes of Ca 2+ -dependent exocytosis of transmitters could then be studied. Finally, the protocol might also be applied to analyses of plasma membrane-bound proteins in and around non-neuronal specialized membrane regions such as immunological synapses 44 , desmosomes and adherens junctions 45,46 , provided that the critical extracellular domains of the relevant proteins bound to a glass surface can induce formation of the membrane specializations.…”

Section: Merits and Limitations Of The Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live-cell imaging of receptors around postsynaptic membranes

2013

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This protocol describes how to image the trafficking of glutamate receptors around excitatory postsynaptic membrane formed on an adhesion protein-coated glass surface. The protocol was developed to clarify how receptors move during the induction of synaptic plasticity. Dissociated neurons are cultured on a coverslip coated with neurexin, which induces the formation of postsynaptic membrane-like structures on the glass surface. A glutamate receptor tagged with a fluorescent protein is then transfected into neurons, and it is observed with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The whole process takes about 3 weeks. Changes in the amount of cell-surface receptors caused by neuronal activities can be quantified, and individual exocytosis events of receptors can be clearly observed around the pseudo-postsynaptic membrane. This protocol has potential applications for studies of movements of membrane proteins around other specialized regions of the cell membrane, such as the inhibitory postsynaptic membrane, the presynaptic membrane or the immunological synapses.

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“…Molecular imaging technologies have improved with the development of new reporter contrast agents, imaging agents, ligands, and probes. Molecular imaging techniques, such as fluorescence imaging, bioluminescent imaging, computed tomography, MR imaging, ultrasound, single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron-emission tomography (PET) can be used effectively to track stem cells and immune cells for cancer treatments ( 46 – 51 ). Among the different molecular imaging techniques, optical imaging based on fluorescence and bioluminescence has shown the highest sensitivity in small animal studies.…”

Section: Overview On Molecular Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Imaging: A Useful Tool for the Development of Natural Killer Cell-Based Immunotherapies

Gangadaran

Ahn

2017

Front. Immunol.

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Molecular imaging is a relatively new discipline that allows visualization, characterization, and measurement of the biological processes in living subjects, including humans, at a cellular and molecular level. The interaction between cancer cells and natural killer (NK) cells is complex and incompletely understood. Despite our limited knowledge, progress in the search for immune cell therapies against cancer could be significantly improved by dynamic and non-invasive visualization and tracking of immune cells and by visualization of the response of cancer cells to therapies in preclinical and clinical studies. Molecular imaging is an essential tool for these studies, and a multimodal molecular imaging approach can be applied to monitor immune cells in vivo, for instance, to visualize therapeutic effects. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of NK cells in cancer therapies and the preclinical and clinical usefulness of molecular imaging in NK cell-based therapies. Furthermore, we discuss different molecular imaging modalities for use with NK cell-based therapies, and their preclinical and clinical applications in animal and human subjects. Molecular imaging has contributed to the development of NK cell-based therapies against cancers in animal models and to the refinement of current cell-based cancer immunotherapies. Developing sensitive and reproducible non-invasive molecular imaging technologies for in vivo NK cell monitoring and for real-time assessment of therapeutic effects will accelerate the development of NK cell therapies.

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New views of the human NK cell immunological synapse: recent advances enabled by super- and high-resolution imaging techniques

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Dances with Membranes: Breakthroughs from Super-resolution Imaging

Dances with Membranes: Breakthroughs from Super-resolution Imaging

Live-cell imaging of receptors around postsynaptic membranes

Molecular Imaging: A Useful Tool for the Development of Natural Killer Cell-Based Immunotherapies

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